Instructions for use THERAFLEX® (THERAFLEX®)

The drug is directly involved in the regeneration of cartilage tissue. The components included in the composition synthesize connective tissue and prevent the destruction of cartilage. It has a clear anti-inflammatory effect, while protecting damaged cartilage from metabolic damage.

As a result of intake, a healthy cartilage matrix is ​​formed. In addition, Theraflex promotes the formation of hyaluron, type II collagen (found in the cartilage of the knees, shoulders and other joints) and proteoglycan (highly glycosylated proteins), thereby inhibiting enzymes that tend to break down cartilage.

Pharmacology

The action of the drug is aimed at restoring cartilage tissue. The active elements take part and have a protective function in relation to damaged cartilage, preventing it from being destroyed. The components also help build cartilage and promote the production of collagen and hyaluronic acid.

The maximum concentration of active substances is observed in the liver, kidneys and joints. It stays in bone and muscle tissue for a long time. Excreted via the kidneys.

Medicine Teraflex

Teraflex is a chondroprotector drug. Chondroprotectors are medications that protect articular cartilage.

The drug is prescribed to people whose joints are undergoing or have already undergone degenerative changes as a result of frequent shock or prolonged pressure loads. The risk group includes representatives of many professions, for example, salespeople, athletes, dancers. Wear and tear of cartilage tissue is a natural process, so prevention and maintenance of joint health is always important in principle.

Chondroprotectors, in the stage of exacerbation of joint diseases, are used in combination with other painkillers, the effect of which they greatly enhance.

Composition of Teraflex

Theraflex contains two active ingredients. These are glucosamine and chondroitin sulfates. Microcrystalline cellulose with corn starch and other components that are necessary for transporting drug molecules to their destination, improving the absorption and bioavailability of the drug act as auxiliary components. It is necessary to take into account their individual tolerance in advance.

On the pharmacy shelf you can also see the drug “Teraflex Advance”. Where, in addition to the main active ingredients (glucosamine and chondroitin), the composition contains ibuprofen, a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug.

Thus, the combined drug Teraflex Advance is designed not only to restore and maintain cartilage tissue, but also to relieve pain and inflammation that develop against the background of lesions of the musculoskeletal system.

How to take Theraflex capsules

Adults and adolescents over 15 years of age can take 1 tablet 3 times a day. The duration of the therapeutic course is 20 days. After this, the capsules are taken 2 times a day. Such treatment can last from 3 months to six months. Depending on the condition, the course can be resumed from time to time.

Capsules can be taken at any time of the day, regardless of meal time. You need to drink a small amount of liquid.

If ointment is used, then you need to squeeze out 2-3 cm and rub into the affected area until completely absorbed. This procedure is carried out 3 times a day.

Effect on the body

Tissue repair stimulator.

Pharmacokinetics

Glucosamine

Absorption. The bioavailability of glucosamine when taken orally is 25% (the “first pass” effect through the liver).

Metabolism. After absorption of an oral dose, radiolabeled glucosamine is initially detected in the plasma and later penetrates into tissues. The highest concentrations are found in the liver, kidneys and articular cartilage. About 30% of the dose taken persists for a long time in the tissues of bones and muscles.

Elimination. It is excreted primarily by the kidneys unchanged; partly through the intestines. The half-life of the drug is 68 hours.

Chondroitin sulfate

Absorption. When chondroitin sulfate is taken orally in a single dose of 0.8 g (or 2 times a day 0.4 g), the plasma concentration increases over 24 hours. The absolute bioavailability is 12%.

Metabolism. Metabolized by desulfurization.

Elimination. Excreted by the kidneys. Half-life 310 min.

Contraindications

The instructions contain a list of conditions and diseases for which taking the drug is contraindicated. These include:

• kidney diseases;
• bearing a child;
• breastfeeding period;
• allergic reaction to the constituent components;
• persons under 15 years of age;
• skin damage (for the drug in the form of an ointment).

It should be taken with extreme caution if you have bronchial asthma or high blood sugar levels. You also need to be careful if you are prone to bleeding.

Clinical pharmacology

Stimulates the regeneration of cartilage tissue. Glucosamine and chondroitin sulfate take part in the synthesis of connective tissue, helping to prevent cartilage destruction and stimulate tissue regeneration. Administration of exogenous glucosamine enhances the production of cartilage matrix and provides nonspecific protection against chemical damage to cartilage. Another possible effect of glucosamine is the protection of damaged cartilage from metabolic destruction caused by nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and glucocorticosteroids (GCs), as well as its own moderate anti-inflammatory effect.

Chondroitin sulfate serves as an additional substrate for the formation of a healthy cartilage matrix. Stimulates the formation of hyaluronon, the synthesis of proteoglycans and type II collagen, and also protects hyaluronon from enzymatic breakdown (by suppressing the activity of hyaluronidase); maintains the viscosity of synovial fluid, stimulates cartilage repair mechanisms and inhibits the activity of those enzymes that break down cartilage (elastase, hyaluronidase). In the treatment of osteoarthritis, it relieves the symptoms of the disease and reduces the need for NSAIDs.

Adverse reactions and overdose

When taken orally, the patient may in rare cases experience undesirable reactions:

• pain in the abdominal area;
• stomach upset;
• constipation;
• disturbed sleep;
• dizziness;
• drowsiness, fatigue;
• headache;
• abnormal heart rhythm;
• swelling of the legs;
• allergic reactions.

If we talk about ointments, the only undesirable manifestation may be allergic reactions in the form of a skin rash.

No cases of overdose have been identified to date. If any undesirable reactions occur, you need to rinse your stomach.

Crops for which fertilizers are used

"Terraflex" is a universal effective means for feeding almost all garden plants. Effective for the following crops:

• broccoli;
• beet;
• barley;
• onion;
• melons;
• cucumbers;
• pepper;
• tomatoes;
• carrot;
• peas;
• potato;
• eggplant;
• cabbage.

Reviews of Terfalex

Of the numerous reviews, most are positive. Patients are assured that the money spent is worth it and the drug really has the desired effect. After completing the treatment course, many people note that pain and crunching in the joints have disappeared, and mobility has increased. But even with such results, for some, the price of the drug is a significant disadvantage.

In general, it can be argued that with long-term therapy, tremendous results can be achieved. In this case, the patient should not have an advanced stage of the disease, and the course of treatment should last at least half a year. For many, a significant advantage is that Theraflex can be combined with anti-inflammatory drugs and other treatments.

Instructions for use THERAFLEX® (THERAFLEX®)

Glucosamine

Suction

After oral administration of 14C-labeled glucosamine, it is rapidly and almost completely absorbed, with about 90% of the radioactive tracer being detected in the systemic circulation. The absolute bioavailability of glucosamine in humans after oral administration was 44%, including the first-pass effect. After daily oral administration of glucosamine at a dose of 1500 mg to healthy volunteers under fasting conditions, Cmax in plasma at steady state averaged after 3 hours (Tmax) about 1602 ± 426 ng/ml. At steady state, AUC was 14564±4138 ng×h/ml. It is unknown whether food intake has a significant effect on oral bioavailability. The pharmacokinetics of glucosamine are linear in the dose range of 750-1500 mg with deviation from linearity at a dose of 3000 mg due to lower bioavailability. There are no gender differences in the absorption and bioavailability of glucosamine. The pharmacokinetics of glucosamine were similar in healthy volunteers and patients with knee osteoarthritis.

Distribution

After oral absorption, glucosamine is distributed in various vascular compartments, incl. synovial fluid, with an apparent Vd 37 times higher than the total fluid volume in humans. Glucosamine does not bind to plasma proteins. Therefore, it is extremely unlikely that glucosamine is capable of drug interactions when taken together with other drugs that have a high degree of binding to plasma proteins.

Metabolism

The metabolic profile of glucosamine has not been studied, since being an endogenous substance, it is used as a “building material” for the biosynthesis of articular components of cartilage. Glucosamine is primarily metabolized by conversion to hexosamine, independent of the cytochrome system. Does not act as an inhibitor or inducer of human CYP450 isoenzymes, including CYP3A4, 1A2, 2E1, 2C9 and 2D6.00. There were no clinically significant interactions between glucosamine and other drugs that could occur through inhibition and/or induction of human CYP450 isoforms.

Removal

In humans, T1/2 of glucosamine from plasma is 15 hours. After oral administration of 14C-labeled glucosamine, excretion in urine was 10±9%, in feces - 11.3±0.1% of the administered dose. The average excretion of unchanged glucosamine after oral administration in humans is approximately 1% of the administered dose, suggesting that the kidney and liver do not play a significant role in the elimination of glucosamine, its metabolites and/or its degradation products.

Pharmacokinetics in special groups of patients

Pharmacokinetic studies of glucosamine have not been conducted in patients with renal or hepatic impairment. These studies were considered inappropriate due to the insignificant contribution of the liver and kidneys to the metabolism, degradation and excretion of glucosamine. Therefore, given the favorable safety profile and good tolerability of glucosamine, dosage adjustment of the drug is not required in patients with renal or hepatic impairment.

The pharmacokinetics of glucosamine have not been studied in children and adolescents.

Pharmacokinetic studies have not been conducted in elderly patients, however, clinical trials of the effectiveness and safety of glucosamine included mainly elderly patients. It has been shown that there is no need for dose adjustment in this category of patients.

Chondroitin sulfate

Pharmacokinetics have not been studied.

Compound

The miraculous properties of the product are explained by its composition. The composition includes the following components:

• Nitrogen;
• Phosphorus;
• Magnesium;
• Potassium;
• Zinc;
• Iron.

Microelements are presented in chelated form, which indicates their simplest absorption. Nitrogen is presented in amide form, which is most efficiently absorbed. Similar elements and their combination ensure the accelerated formation of the aboveground part of crops. The balanced content of components provides the following advantages of the product:

• Accelerated and effective dissolution in water. During the procedure for preparing the working solution, no precipitate appears;
• The preparation contains no unnecessary impurities, which ensures increased purity and protects the delicate leaf plate from burns;
• Fertilizer can be combined with most pesticides. When combined, no sediment will form;
• If the crop is grown in not the best conditions, the product will provide it with protection from stress and subsequent problems with cultivation;
• The composition does not contain sodium or chlorine, and therefore the leaf plates are reliably protected from burns;
• The elements are presented in forms that are easiest to understand.

Teraflex has thoughtful content, and therefore it is safe but effective.

Next: liquid fertilizer potassium nitrate

What can be fertilized?

What can be fertilized with Teraflex? This is an almost universal product, suitable for the following types:

• Barley;
• Peas;
• Potato;
• Onion;
• Beet;
• Cabbage;
• Broccoli;
• Carrot.

The product is applicable to most products grown in the garden. There are different types of it for different stages of development.

The presence of varieties ensures use at all stages of formation:

1. Start . You can choose it at the beginning of the season. Necessary to stimulate the formation of the root system. Particularly effective in alkaline soils;
2. 17+17+17. Recommended for intensive vegetative development. Effective for accelerating the formation of the above-ground part of the crop. Best absorbed through leaf blades;
3. 4+8+36. You can take it at the end of the growing season, since at this time vegetables need potassium.

Next: flora-c fertilizer

Fertilizer cost

Sold in online stores and local horticultural sales points.

The drug is economically beneficial due to its low dosage.

The new generation fertilizer “Terraflex” contains a large amount of nutrients and has good solubility in water. Microelements are present in correctly selected form for rapid absorption by green spaces.

Application

Before starting the fertilizing process, you should carefully read the instructions.

Terraflex cannot be combined with calcium nitrate.

Foliar feeding is carried out at the rate of 1-5 kg ​​per 100 acres, the solution concentration is 0.1-0.5%.

For drip irrigation, a dosage of 1-6 kg / 100 m2 is used, dilution is 0.5-1 kg / 1 t of water.