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Tetracycline tab 100 mg N20 (Belmedprep)
Tetracycline is active against gram-positive microorganisms: Staphylococcus spp. (including Staphylococcus aureus, including penicillinase-producing strains), Streptococcus pneumoniae, Listeria spp., Bacillus anthracis, Clostridium spp., Actinomyces israelii; gram-negative microorganisms: Haemophilus influenzae, Haemophilus ducreyi, Bordetella pertussis, Escherichia coli, Enterobacter spp. (including Enterobacter aerogenes), Acinetobacter spp., Klebsiella spp., Salmonella spp., Shigella spp., Yersinia pestis, Francisella tularensis, Bartonella bacilliformis, Vibrio cholerae, Vibrio fetus, Rickettsia spp., Borrelia burgdorferi, Brucella spp. (in combination with streptomycin); with contraindications to the use of penicillins - Clostridium spp., Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Actinomyces spp.; also active against Calymmatobacterium granulomatis, Chlamydia trachomatis, Chlamydia psittaci, Mycoplasma pneumoniae, Treponema spp. Resistant to tetracycline: Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Proteus spp., Serratia spp., most strains of Bacteroides spp. and fungi, viruses, Streptococcus pyogenes, Streptococcus faecalis. Pharmacokinetics Absorption - 75-77%, decreases with food intake, binding to plasma proteins - 55-65%. The time to reach the maximum concentration of the drug in plasma (TCmax) when taken orally is 2-3 hours (2-3 days may be required to achieve therapeutic concentrations). Over the next 8 hours, the concentration gradually decreases. The maximum concentration of the drug in plasma is 1.5-3.5 mg/l (a concentration of 1 mg/l is sufficient to achieve a therapeutic effect). It is unevenly distributed in the body: the maximum concentration of the drug is determined in the liver, kidneys, lungs and in organs with a well-developed reticuloendothelial system - spleen, lymph nodes. The concentration in bile is 5-10 times higher than in blood serum. In the tissues of the thyroid and prostate glands, the concentration of tetracycline corresponds to that found in plasma; in pleural, ascitic fluid, saliva, milk of lactating women - 60-100% of the concentration in plasma. It accumulates in large quantities in bone tissue, tumor tissue, dentin and enamel of baby teeth. Penetrates poorly through the blood-brain barrier. With intact meninges, it is not detected in the cerebrospinal fluid or is detected in small quantities (5-10% of the plasma concentration). In patients with diseases of the central nervous system, especially with inflammatory processes in the meninges, the concentration in the cerebrospinal fluid is 8-36% of the concentration in plasma. Penetrates through the placental barrier and into breast milk. Volume of distribution - 1.3-1.6 l/kg. Slightly metabolized in the liver. The half-life of the drug (T1/2) is 6-11 hours, with anuria - 57-108 hours. It is found in urine in high concentration 2 hours after administration and persists for 6-12 hours; in the first 12 hours, up to 10-20% of the dose is excreted by the kidneys. In smaller quantities (5-10% of the total dose) it is excreted with bile into the intestine, where partial reabsorption occurs, which promotes long-term circulation of the active substance in the body (enterohepatic circulation). Excretion through the intestines is 20-50%. During hemodialysis it is removed slowly.
Tetracycline tablet film 100 mg pack contact cell/pack of cards x20
Instructions:
Trade name: Tetracycline hydrochloride filmcoated tablets
International name: Tetracycline
Release forms: film-coated tablets 100, 250 mg (dark glass jars, plastic bags, contour blister packs, polyethylene bottles)
Composition: tetracycline 100/250 mg
Pharmacological group: antibiotic-tetracycline
Pharmacological group according to ATK: J01AA07 (Tetracycline)
Pharmacological action: antibacterial, tetracycline,
Indications: Infectious diseases caused by sensitive pathogens: pneumonia and respiratory tract infections caused by Mycoplasma pneumoniae, respiratory tract infections caused by Haemophilus influenzae and Klebsiella spp., bacterial infections of the genitourinary organs, infections of the skin and soft tissues, ulcerative necrotizing gingivostomatitis, conjunctivitis, acne rash, actinomycosis, intestinal amebiasis, anthrax, brucellosis, bartonellosis, chancroid, cholera, chlamydia, uncomplicated gonorrhea, granuloma inguinale, lymphogranuloma venereum, listeriosis, plague, psittacosis, vesicular rickettsiosis, Rocky Mountain spotted fever, typhus, relapsing fever , syphilis , trachoma, tularemia, yaws.
Dosage regimen: Orally, with plenty of liquid, adults - 0.25-0.5 g 4 times a day or 0.5-1 g every 12 hours. Maximum daily dose - 4 g. For acne: 0.5-2 g / day in divided doses doses If the condition improves (usually after 3 weeks), the dose is gradually reduced to a maintenance dose of 0.125-1 g. Adequate remission of acne can be achieved by using the drug every other day or intermittent therapy. Brucellosis - 0.5 g every 6 hours for 3 weeks, simultaneously with intramuscular administration of streptomycin at a dose of 1 g every 12 hours for 1 week and 1 time per day for 2 weeks. Uncomplicated gonorrhea: initial single dose - 1.5 g, then 0.5 g every 6 hours for 4 days (total dose 9 g). Syphilis - 0.5 g every 6 hours for 15 days (early syphilis) or 30 days (late syphilis). Uncomplicated urethral, endocervical and rectal infections caused by Chlamydia trachomatis - 0.5 g 4 times a day for at least 7 days. Children over 8 years old - 6.25-12.5 mg/kg every 6 hours or 12.5-25 mg/kg every 12 hours.
Contraindications: Hypersensitivity, pregnancy (II-III trimesters), lactation period, children (up to 8 years), leukopenia.
Side effects: From the digestive system: loss of appetite, vomiting, diarrhea, nausea, glossitis, esophagitis, gastritis, ulceration of the stomach and duodenum, hypertrophy of the papillae of the tongue, dysphagia, hepatotoxic effect, increased activity of “liver” transaminases, pancreatitis, intestinal dysbiosis. From the nervous system: increased intracranial pressure, dizziness or unsteadiness. From the hematopoietic organs: hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenia, neutropenia. From the urinary system: azotemia, hypercreatininemia. Allergic and immunopathological reactions: maculopapular rash, skin hyperemia, angioedema, anaphylactoid reactions, drug-induced SLE, photosensitivity. Other: superinfection, candidiasis, hypovitaminosis B, hyperbilirubinemia, discoloration of tooth enamel in children.
Pharmacodynamics: Bacteriostatic antibiotic from the tetracycline group. It disrupts the formation of the complex between transfer RNA and the ribosome, which leads to suppression of protein synthesis. Active against gram-positive microorganisms: Staphylococcus spp. (including Staphylococcus aureus, including penicillinase-producing strains), Streptococcus spp. (including Streptococcus pneumoniae), Listeria spp., Bacillus anthracis, Clostridium spp., Actinomyces israelii, gram-negative microorganisms: Haemophilus influenzae, Haemophilus ducreyi, Bordetella pertussis, most enterobacteria: Escherichia coli, Enterobacter spp., including Enterobacter aerogenes, Klebsiella spp., Salmonella spp., Shigella spp., Yersinia pestis, Bartonella bacilliformis, Vibrio cholerae, Vibrio fetus, Rickettsia spp., Borrelia burgdorferi, Brucella spp. (in combination with streptomycin), with contraindications to the use of penicillins - Clostridium spp., Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Actinomyces spp., is also active against pathogens of venereal and inguinal lymphogranuloma, Treponema spp. Microorganisms resistant to tetracycline: Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Proteus spp., Serratia spp., most strains of Bacteroides spp. and fungi, viruses, group A beta-hemolytic streptococci (including 44% of Streptococcus pyogenes strains and 74% of Streptococcus faecalis strains).
Pharmacokinetics: Absorption - 75-77%, decreases with food intake, binding to plasma proteins - 55-65%. TCmax for oral administration is 2-3 hours (2-3 days may be required to achieve therapeutic concentrations). Over the next 8 hours, the concentration gradually decreases. Cmax - 1.5-3.5 mg/l (a concentration of 1 mg/l is sufficient to achieve a therapeutic effect). It is distributed unevenly in the body: Cmax is determined in the liver, kidneys, lungs and in organs with well-developed RES - the spleen, lymph nodes. The concentration in bile is 5-10 times higher than in blood serum. In the tissues of the thyroid and prostate glands, the concentration of tetracycline corresponds to that found in plasma, in pleural, ascitic fluid, saliva, and milk of lactating women - 60-100% of the concentration in plasma. It accumulates in large quantities in bone tissue, tumor tissue, dentin and enamel of baby teeth. Poorly penetrates the BBB. With intact meninges, it is not detected in the CSF or is detected in small quantities (5-10% of the plasma concentration). In patients with diseases of the central nervous system, especially with inflammatory processes in the meninges, the concentration in the CSF is 8-36% of the concentration in plasma. Penetrates through the placental barrier and into breast milk. Volume of distribution - 1.3-1.6 l/kg. Slightly metabolized in the liver. T1/2 - 6-11 hours, with anuria - 57-108 hours. It is found in urine in high concentration 2 hours after administration and persists for 6-12 hours; in the first 12 hours, up to 10-20% of the dose is excreted by the kidneys. In smaller quantities (5-10% of the total dose) it is excreted with bile into the intestine, where partial reabsorption occurs, which promotes long-term circulation of the active substance in the body (enterohepatic circulation). Excretion through the intestines is 20-50%. During hemodialysis it is removed slowly.
Special instructions: Due to the possible development of photosensitivity, it is necessary to limit insolation. With long-term use, periodic monitoring of the function of the kidneys, liver, and hematopoietic organs is necessary. It can mask the manifestations of syphilis, and therefore, if a mixed infection is possible, monthly serological analysis is necessary for 4 months. All tetracyclines form stable complexes with Ca2+ in any bone-forming tissue. In this regard, intake during the period of tooth development can cause long-term staining of teeth in a yellow-gray-brown color, as well as enamel hypoplasia. To prevent hypovitaminosis, vitamins B and K and brewer's yeast should be prescribed. Carefully. Kidney failure. Category of action on the fetus. D
Interaction: Due to the suppression of intestinal microflora, it reduces the prothrombin index (requires a reduction in the dose of indirect anticoagulants). Reduces the effectiveness of bactericidal antibiotics that disrupt cell wall synthesis (penicillins, cephalosporins). Reduces the effectiveness of estrogen-containing oral contraceptives and increases the risk of breakthrough bleeding; retinol increases the risk of increased intracranial pressure. Absorption is reduced by antacids containing Al3+, Mg2+ and Ca2+, Fe preparations and cholestyramine. Chymotrypsin increases the concentration and duration of circulation.
Drug registration number: 73/461/60
NEWS LIBRARY LINKS ABOUT THE SITEd) Tetracyclines
Tetracyclines include a number of antibiotics produced by Streptomyces aureofaciens and Streptomyces rimosus. Some of the drugs in this group are obtained semi-synthetically.
All drugs in this group are similar in chemical structure and have the same chemotherapeutic properties. Tetracyclines are broad-spectrum antibiotics
. Many gram-positive and gram-negative microorganisms are sensitive to them (see Fig. 29).
Tetracyclines are not destroyed in the digestive tract and are relatively well absorbed into the blood. The duration of the antibacterial action of drugs in this group is not the same. Based on this feature, one should distinguish among them: a) short-acting tetracyclines
(6-8 hours) -
tetracycline and oxytetracycline
;
b) long-acting tetracyclines
(12-24 hours) -
metacycline
(rondomycin) and
doxycycline
(vibramycin).
As broad-spectrum antibiotics, tetracyclines are used for many infectious diseases. First of all, tetracyclines are indicated for brucellosis, rickettsiosis (typhus, etc.), plague, cholera, and tularemia. Tetracyclines are prescribed for diseases caused by Escherichia coli (peritonitis, cholecystitis, pyelitis, etc.), dysentery bacillus (bacterial dysentery), diplococci (pneumonia, meningitis, gonorrhea), spirochetes (relapsing fever, syphilis), chlamydia (trachoma, psittacosis ). Tetracycline preparations are also effective for purulent-septic diseases caused by streptococci and staphylococci (sepsis, purulent pleurisy, pyoderma, infected burns and wounds, boils, etc.).
As side effects, tetracyclines cause liver damage, dyspeptic disorders, dysbiosis and allergic reactions.
Tetracyclines are contraindicated
with increased sensitivity to them and severe liver dysfunction.
Drugs
Tetracycline
, Tetracyclinum is a yellow powder with a bitter taste, slightly soluble in water.
Use internally and externally
. Orally prescribed during or immediately after meals, 0.1-0.25 g 3-5 times a day.
Higher doses
(for adults): single 0.5 g, daily 2 g.
Externally used in the form of official (1%) eye ointment (Unguentum Tetracyclini ophthalmicum).
Release forms
: tablets 0.05; 0.1 and 0.25 g; eye ointment. Included in tetracycline tablets with nystatin.
Storage
: list B; in a place protected from light.
Tetracycline hydrochloride
, Tetracyclini hydrochloridum - similar to tetracycline, differs only in greater solubility.
Used for oral
, as well as
externally
and parenterally (
intramuscularly and in the body cavity
).
It is prescribed orally in the same way as tetracycline. Intramuscularly administered in a dose of 0.05-0.1 g 2-3 times a day, previously dissolved in a 1-2% solution of novocaine. Official ointment (Unguentum Tetracyclini) is used externally, 1 g of which contains 0.03 g of the drug.
Release form
: in bottles of 0.1 g; tablets of 0.1 and 0.25 g; capsules 0.25 g; ointment.
Storage
: list B; in a place protected from light.
Oxytetracycline dihydrate
, Oxytetracyclini dihydras. Used in the same way as tetracycline.
Release forms
: tablets 0.25 g. Included in Oxyzon ointment.
Storage
: list B; in a place protected from light.
Oxytetracycline hydrochloride
, Oxytetracyclini hydrochloridum - is part of the "Gyoksizon" ointment, official eye ointment, "Oxycyclosol" and "Oxycort-aerosol" aerosols.
Recipe examples
Rp.: Unguenti Tetracyclini ophthalmici 10.0 DS Eye ointment. Rp.: Tetracyclini hydrochloridi 0.25 DtdN 20 in capsulis gelatinosis S. 1 capsule 4 times a day.
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