Muskomed is a branded Turkish muscle relaxant drug, the advantage of which is the absence of a curare-like effect. When treated with the drug, the development of paralysis and dysfunction of the cardiovascular and respiratory systems does not occur in the patient. The composition of the medication includes thiocolchicoside, which is a semi-synthetic sulfide derivative of colchicoside, a substance of natural origin that is classified as a glycoside.
The active substance selectively acts on glycine receptors, which are characterized by sensitivity to gamma-aminobutyric acid - GABA and strychnine and has a muscle relaxant effect by activating the central mechanisms of action of the brain and spinal cord, which regulate the tone of skeletal muscles. As a result, membranes in neurons are stabilized, the transmission of nerve impulses is blocked and spasms are reduced.
Muskomed, indications for use
Injections and capsules are used in additional therapy for patients who suffer from muscle contractures.
The medicine is used for short-term relief of spasms in acute pathologies of the spine. The cream is prescribed topically for the treatment of painful muscle spasms due to:
- transverse sacral radiculitis,
- brachial neuralgia and spastic torticollis in acute cases,
- pain that occurs after injuries and operations.
Muscomed for back pain is used to relieve painful spasms in degenerative-dystrophic lesions in the vertebral discs and joints. Pain disturbs the patient at rest, at night and in the morning when the patient wakes up. The introduction of the drug reduces the prescription of NSAIDs. The medicine accumulates in the body and acts for 3-4 days after completion of the course of treatment. Muskomed for neuralgia is injected according to the standard scheme and additionally damaged areas of the body are lubricated with cream two to three times a day by massaging into the skin. Doctors often prescribe Muscomed in tablets for patients, while pharmacists and pharmacists take care of the buyer’s health and dispense the drug in capsules.
Dosage regimen: Muscomed injections for adults and adolescents 16 years of age are injected slowly into the muscle, one ampoule - 4.0 mg of the drug twice a day. The drug is injected in a short course, which lasts three to five days. Then doctors recommend continuing therapy with the oral dosage form, which is prescribed according to the following scheme: Adults and 16-year-old children drink one four or eight mg capsule twice a day after meals. Do not exceed the maximum daily dose, which is eight to sixteen milligrams of the medication. The course of treatment is five to seven days.
Muskomed 4 mg/2 ml No. 6 solution d/in.
Instructions for medical use of the drug MUSKOMED Trade name Muskomed International nonproprietary name Thiokolchicoside Dosage form Solution for injection 4 mg/2 ml, 2 ml Composition 1 ampoule contains the active substance: thiocolchicoside 4 mg, excipients: sodium chloride, hydrochloric acid, water for injection . Description Transparent solution of light yellow color. Pharmacotherapeutic group: Other centrally acting muscle relaxants. Thiocolchicoside. ATC code M03BX05 Pharmacological properties Pharmacokinetics When administered intramuscularly, thiocolchicoside is rapidly distributed in the blood, peak plasma concentrations are reached after 15-45 minutes. After one intramuscular injection of 4 mg thiocolchicoside, the maximum plasma concentration is 61 ng/ml. Protein binding (mainly albumin) is 13%. The average apparent volume of distribution is 76 L after one intramuscular injection at a dose of 4 mg. The half-life is 2.5-5 hours. Approximately 20% of the dose taken is excreted in the urine as unchanged metabolites, 75-81% is excreted in the feces. Pharmacodynamics Muscomed is a semi-synthetic substance of the natural pseudoalkaloid colchicine and sulfur. Has a muscle relaxant effect (muscle relaxant). Thiocolchicoside binds only to GABA and glycinergic receptors sensitive to strychnine in in-vitro studies. Thiocolchicoside, acting as a GABA receptor antagonist, may exert its effective muscle relaxant effect through complex regulatory mechanisms at the supraspinal level, however, its glycinergic mechanisms of action cannot be excluded. The characteristics of the interaction of thiocolchicoside with GABA receptors are the same as with the glucuronide derivative, which is the main metabolite in the bloodstream in qualitative and quantitative terms. The muscle relaxant properties of thiocolchicoside and its major metabolite have been demonstrated in several experimental models conducted in vivo. The lack of muscle relaxant effect of thiocolchicoside indicates that this compound has a dominant supraspinal effect. Also, electroencephalographic studies have shown that thiocolchicoside and its main metabolite do not cause a sedative effect. Indications for use: symptomatic treatment of painful muscle spasms. Method of administration and dosage Muskomed is used intramuscularly, 2 ml (4 mg) 2 times a day. Not recommended for long-term treatment of chronic diseases. The recommended treatment period is 3 - 5 days. When preparing for physiotherapeutic procedures, the period of muscle relaxation is 30-40 minutes after intramuscular injection. Side effects Rarely: - disorders of the nervous system (drowsiness, confusion, agitation) - disorders of the gastrointestinal tract (diarrhea, gastralgia, nausea) - disorders of the cardiovascular system (hypotension) - disorders of the immune system ( allergic rash, anaphylactic reactions, including angioedema) - allergic skin reactions Very rare: - anaphylaxis reaction, including anaphylactic shock Contraindications - hypersensitivity to thiocolchicoside or auxiliary components of the drug - peripheral paralysis and muscle hypotension - anticoagulant therapy and predisposition to hemorrhage - pregnancy and period lactation - children under 18 years of age Drug interactions There are no data on drug interactions. However, caution is recommended when used concomitantly with other muscle relaxants. When used simultaneously with drugs that depress the central nervous system, including alcohol, antihypertensive drugs, and curare-like drugs, increased muscle relaxation and depression of the central nervous system and the development of hypotension are possible. When used simultaneously with anticoagulants, the risk of bleeding increases. Special instructions Muscomed should be used with caution in case of impaired renal or liver function. Use with caution in patients with a history of allergic reactions. Thiocolchicoside may cause epileptic seizures in patients with or at risk of epilepsy. The safety and effectiveness of Muscomed have not been studied in patients with renal or hepatic impairment, or in elderly patients. For these patients, especially the elderly, low doses of the drug are recommended. Effect on reproductive function: Although the metabolites of the drug have anogenic activity, the drug does not affect reproductive function. Metabolites of the drug may have undesirable effects on male fertility and, therefore, the use of the drug is not recommended in men with relationship problems and discontinuation of the drug should be considered. New experimental evidence suggests that thiocolchicoside has been broken down in the body into a metabolite called M2 or SL59.0955, which can damage dividing cells, resulting in aneuploidy (an abnormal number or arrangement of chromosomes). Aneuploidy is a risk factor for harm to the developing fetus, reduces fertility in men and in theory may increase the risk of cancer. Features of the effect of the drug on the ability to drive a vehicle or potentially dangerous mechanisms During the treatment period, care must be taken when driving vehicles and engaging in other potentially dangerous activities that require increased concentration and speed of psychomotor reactions. Overdose Symptoms: possible increased side effects. Treatment: symptomatic and supportive therapy. Release form and packaging 2 ml of the drug is poured into colorless glass ampoules. 6 ampoules are placed in a blister pack. 1 contour package along with instructions for medical use in the state and Russian languages is placed in a cardboard pack. Storage conditions Store at a temperature not exceeding 25°C. Keep out of the reach of children! Shelf life: 3 years Do not use after expiration date. Conditions for dispensing from pharmacies By prescription The owner of the trademark and registration certificate is , TURKEY, Turkey (Ramazanolu Mah. Ensar Jad. No. 20, 34906 Kurtkoy Pendik / Istanbul) The owner of the registration certificate “WORLD MEDICINE ILACH SAN. WE TIJ. A.Ş., Türkiye
Contraindications for use
The medication is not prescribed for:
- hypersensitivity in patients to the active and excipients of the drug,
- pregnancy, since the instructions for the medicine do not contain information about conducting studies in patients,
- breastfeeding, due to the passage of a muscle relaxant into breast milk,
- flaccid paralysis,
- muscle hypotonia.
The medicine is contraindicated:
- teenagers under 16 years old,
- young women of childbearing age who do not use contraceptives.
special instructions
The drug should be used with caution in cases of impaired renal or liver function. The drug should be used with caution in patients with epilepsy or risk of seizures.
Use during pregnancy or breastfeeding. The drug is contraindicated during pregnancy and breastfeeding.
Children. The drug is contraindicated in children under 16 years of age.
The ability to influence reaction speed when driving vehicles or working with other mechanisms. During the treatment period, care must be taken when driving vehicles and engaging in other potentially unsafe activities that require increased concentration and speed of psychomotor reactions.
Features of application
The medication is prescribed carefully:
- car drivers, due to drowsiness when the medication enters the body,
- for epilepsy, since after taking the medicine the patient increases the risk of developing an epileptic attack and convulsions,
- with impaired liver and kidney function. The drug cannot be combined with alcoholic beverages and drugs that:
- belong to the group of muscle relaxants,
- inhibit the functions of the central nervous system,
- used to lower blood pressure,
- have a curare-like effect due to increased muscle relaxation, depression of the nervous system and the risk of developing hypotension.
The drug is not prescribed together with anticoagulants, as the risk of bleeding increases.
Pharmacological properties
Pharmacodynamics.
Muscomed contains the active substance thiocolchicoside, a semi-synthetic muscle relaxant, which is obtained from the natural glycoside colchicoside. exhibits selective affinity for GABA and glycine receptors, which determines the action of the drug at various levels of the nervous system, both for local spasms and for spasms of central origin. Muskomed does not have a curare-like effect, does not cause paralysis and does not affect the cardiovascular and respiratory systems.
Pharmacokinetics. When administered intramuscularly, thiocolchicoside is rapidly distributed in the blood, Cmax in blood plasma is reached in 15–45 minutes. After one intramuscular injection at a dose of 4 mg of thiocolchicoside, Cmax in blood plasma is 61 ng/ml.
Protein binding (mainly albumin) is 13%. The average apparent volume of distribution is 76 L after one IM injection at a dose of 4 mg.
T½ is 2.5–5 hours. Approximately 20% of the dose is excreted in the urine in the form of unchanged metabolites, 75–81% is excreted in the feces.
Popular questions about Muskomed
What does Muskomed help with?
The medicine is prescribed for short-term pain relief in patients who suffer from muscle contractures, which lead to limited mobility of tissue in the muscles.
How to replace Muskomed?
Imported analogs of the drug based on the active substance - Tionex and Tiyoside - are sold in pharmacies of the retail pharmaceutical network 9-1-1.
How to give Muscomed injections?
Muskomed injections are injected into adults and adolescents from 16 years of age slowly into the muscle - one ampoule twice a day. Doctors recommend not to exceed the course of treatment, which is three to five days.
How quickly does Muskomed work?
Reduction of pain in patients and relief of well-being occurs: thirty to forty minutes after the injection, one to two hours after the capsule enters the body.
Note!
The description of the drug Muscomed on this page is a simplified author’s version of the apteka911 website, created on the basis of the instructions for use.
Before purchasing or using the drug, you should consult your doctor and read the manufacturer's original instructions (attached to each package of the drug). Information about the drug is provided for informational purposes only and should not be used as a guide to self-medication. Only a doctor can decide to prescribe the drug, as well as determine the dose and methods of its use.
