Suppositories in gynecology: application, types. List of gynecological suppositories by purpose.

A vaginal suppository consists of a base form and medication. They remain solid at room temperature and dissolve at body temperature. The use of suppositories in gynecology allows you to act directly on the source of inflammation or pathology.

Suppositories vary in type, purpose and active ingredients. A gynecologist will help you choose the right medicine. Doctor A employs specialists of the first and highest categories who prescribe only modern drugs with proven high effectiveness.

Benefits of candle therapy

Using suppositories for women's health in the treatment of gynecological diseases is convenient and simple. They are inserted painlessly, and the procedure can be completed without outside help.

Other advantages of intravaginal therapy compared to oral administration of drugs with the same active ingredient:

wide spectrum of action;
minimum side effects and absence of negative effects on the gastrointestinal tract and kidneys;
rapid absorption into the blood - about an hour after administration of the suppository.

Inexpensive suppositories for thrush

The list of affordable products includes:

1. Clotrimazole

The cost of the drug starts from 30 rubles, the medicine is contraindicated in case of individual intolerance to the component composition, breastfeeding and the first quarter of pregnancy. During the procedures, symptoms of adverse reactions may occur: discomfort during sex, burning and itching sensation in the vagina, frequent urination, discharge, cephalalgia, cystitis.

Treatment is carried out daily, for 6 days, one suppository. The disadvantages of the product include rapid addiction to the active components of fungal pathogens.

2. Nystatin

The price for a package of 10 candles is 185 rubles. The medication can provoke the development of vaginal dysbiosis; side effects include diarrhea, attacks of nausea with vomiting, a feeling of chills, and abdominal discomfort.

The procedures take place over 2 weeks, using candles in the evening and morning (1 unit each). The advantages of the medicine include the lack of resistance of the fungus to the components and low price. The disadvantages of suppositories include side effects, a long therapeutic course, and the need for twice-daily procedures.

3. Iodoxide

The drug is sold at 330 rubles per pack of 10 pieces. Therapy is contraindicated for patients in the first quarter of pregnancy, with thyroid adenoma, thyrotoxicosis, and kidney failure. Caution is required when treating in the second half of pregnancy.

Suppositories can provoke the development of local redness and allergy symptoms. For acute vaginitis, use 1 suppository twice a day for a week, for chronic vaginitis - one procedure per day for two weeks. The drug does not require stopping therapy during menstruation.

How to use vaginal suppositories

Suppositories are a medicine that is prescribed by the attending physician according to indications. Before using any vaginal suppositories, consultation with a specialist is necessary.

Also, before use, you should study the instructions for the drug. It contains recommendations on the duration of therapy. If the gynecologist has not prescribed an individual treatment regimen, follow the instructions.

As a rule, suppositories are used once a day. It is most convenient to use the candle in the evening before bed: after administering the medicine, it is recommended to lie down.

Correctly use vaginal suppositories as follows:

Visit the toilet, wash your hands and perform hygiene procedures without using soap, intimate gels and foams.
Release the suppository from the packaging and immediately insert it into the vagina as deeply as possible.
Spend at least 20 minutes in a lying position: during this time the form will have time to melt and the medicine will be absorbed.

The thin fatty membrane of the drug in the form of a suppository melts at body temperature and flows out, so it is better to use a gasket. Leaked liquid from the skin and mucous membranes should be removed with a napkin or water.

Efficacy of therapy

The results of treatment procedures are assessed by the absence of pathogenic microflora. The best effect is achieved with the right choice of suppositories for thrush, the component composition of which destroys the fungus that is sensitive to it.

The sensitivity and resistance of the pathogen is determined by bacterial culture of vaginal secretions. Problems with recovery are usually observed with chronic candidiasis - the pathogenic microflora adapts to the drugs, requiring regular replacement of drugs.

Attempts to self-medicate candidiasis often end with the disease becoming chronic, with a permanently disturbed balance of microflora. When using douching, an accelerated progression of pathology is observed, with changes in the vaginal flora towards worsening.

To obtain the expected effect from the fight against candidiasis, a laboratory diagnostic examination and a prescription of a treatment regimen by a doctor are necessary.

Suppositories in gynecology: indications for use

Anti-inflammatory suppositories

Many gynecological diseases and pathologies are accompanied by tissue inflammation. Anti-inflammatory suppositories in gynecology help deliver the medicine directly to the site of inflammation. The most common active ingredients in such drugs: diclofenac, indomethacin, prednisolone. Preparations with herbal active ingredients are also available for sale: sea buckthorn or eucalyptus oil, chamomile, sage, calendula.

Suppositories with natural ingredients are allowed for pregnant women and teenage girls. Some suppositories for inflammation in women have an additional analgesic effect.

Indications for use:

vaginitis;
vulvovaginitis;
erosion;
oophoritis;
cystitis;
urethritis;
endocervicitis;
endometritis.

Antibacterial (antimicrobial) suppositories

Antimicrobial suppositories for women usually contain iodine, chlorhexidine, metronidazole, miconazole, penicillin, cephalosporin, macrolide, co-trimoxazole or another antibiotic that kills bacteria that cause tissue infection.

Indications for use:

vaginal candidiasis (thrush);
inflammation caused by the activity of pathogenic microorganisms, such as vaginitis, cervicitis and others;
prevention of infectious diseases and inflammation before gynecological interventions.

Painkiller suppositories

Modern suppositories are broad-spectrum suppositories; as a rule, they contain antiviral or antifungal, as well as anti-inflammatory and analgesic components. Anesthetic suppositories in gynecology with ketorolac or indomethacin in the composition can quickly relieve discomfort.

Indications for use:

algodismenorrhea - severe pain in the lower abdomen during menstruation;
endometriosis, cystitis, adnexitis and other diseases accompanied by pain;
postoperative pain syndrome, including after vaginal delivery or CS.

Candles for restoring microflora

The acidic environment in the vagina supports its ability to self-cleanse and provides protection against bacteria and viruses. If the number of lactobacilli that maintain the required acidity is reduced, the protective functions of the system are blocked, and unpleasant symptoms occur.

In this case, it is recommended to use suppositories to improve microflora; they contain probiotic strains of lactobacilli. Such suppositories, which restore microflora, are usually used in gynecology after treatment with antibiotics.

Indications for use:

unpleasant odor, a large amount of white or yellow discharge, itching, burning, cycle disruption and other symptoms indicating a violation of the vaginal microflora;
completion of antibacterial therapy;
prophylaxis before gynecological operations.

Hormonal suppositories

Hormonal suppositories contain a synthetic analogue of the female hormone estrogen. In gynecology, treatment with estradiol suppositories helps to compensate for its deficiency in the body.

Indications for use:

treatment of genitourinary disorders associated with estrogen deficiency;
severe symptoms of menopause;
preoperative therapy and rehabilitation period after surgical interventions in postmenopausal women.

Antifungal suppositories

Antifungal suppositories in gynecology are prescribed when the mucous membranes are damaged by fungi. The active substance damages the cell membranes of fungi and promotes their death.

Indications for use:

vaginitis, vulvitis, vulvovaginitis and other lesions of the vaginal mucosa caused by Candida fungi;
prevention of candidiasis during long-term antibacterial therapy.

Antiviral suppositories

Suppositories used in gynecology for infections usually contain interferon or panavir - substances with antiviral and immunomodulatory properties. Such antiviral suppositories for women suppress the spread of the pathogen and increase the body's resistance to the infectious load.

Indications for use:

genital herpes;
trichomoniasis;
chlamydia;
chronic endometritis;
urea and mycoplasmosis;
papillomavirus infection
gardnerellosis;
relapse of candidiasis;
other diseases of a viral nature.

Rectal use of suppositories

In the treatment of gynecological diseases, various rectal suppositories can be used: anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial and others. Once in the intestines, the medicine is quickly absorbed into its walls and then enters the blood, providing a general, rapid effect on the entire body.

When asked whether rectal suppositories can be used in gynecology or placed in the vagina, the answer will be negative. If the packaging for the drug contains instructions for rectal use, the suppository should be administered only into the rectum. Some suppositories, such as Nystatin, are available in both vaginal and rectal forms. Be careful when purchasing a prescribed drug.

Healing candles

Healing suppositories used in gynecology contain dexpanthenol or other stimulators of tissue repair. They accelerate the healing of the vaginal and cervical mucosa.

Indications for use:

therapy for diseases that cause damage to the mucosa;
ending local treatment with electric current, laser, liquid nitrogen and other traumatic methods;
postoperative, postpartum period.

Suppositories for prevention in gynecology

Sometimes gynecologists prescribe suppositories for the prevention of female diseases after successful completion of treatment or before surgery. Even those types of vaginal suppositories that contain exclusively herbal ingredients and are classified as dietary supplements should be taken only after consultation with a specialist.

Chronic endometritis and pregnancy

As mentioned earlier, with chronic endometritis, infertility or recurrent miscarriage is often observed. It is necessary that the endometrial layer is constantly regenerated: only then will the embryo be successfully implanted into the uterus. In chronic endometritis, regeneration is impossible due to the inflammatory process, so the fertilized egg cannot attach to the endometrium.

Even if this happens, the pregnancy is rarely successful: the risk of miscarriage will continue throughout pregnancy. Such a pregnancy is accompanied by disorders and complications: in particular, pathogens can infect fetal tissue, which will lead to its death.

Impaired embryo development is another possible consequence of pregnancy with endometritis. The damaged endometrium lacks blood supply due to stagnation: the tissue does not receive oxygen, vitamins, nutrients and does not transfer them to the embryo. Because of this, the child may be born with pathologies. In addition, the likelihood of premature birth increases several times; the formation of the placenta may be disrupted, so when planning a pregnancy, treatment for this disease should be started immediately.

In total, miscarriages and infertility due to chronic endometritis are associated with several reasons:

Violation of the morphology of the endometrium, due to which the fertilized egg is not fixed in the uterus and is released along with the discharge - in this case, the woman may not even know that she was pregnant.
Problems with progesterone synthesis: This hormone maintains pregnancy by thickening the endometrium and preparing the uterine lining. In chronic endometritis, progesterone is produced poorly, and pregnancy is terminated early.
Male sperm are inactivated already at conception. During inflammation, phagocytic cells of the body destroy foreign bodies, which are also mistaken for sperm.

Therefore, before planning a pregnancy, it is necessary to undergo a full course of treatment for endometritis: in this case, the probability of becoming pregnant can increase to 100%. In the case of IVF, the main problem is related to the fixation of germ cells in the uterus, so for efficiency it is worth making several attempts to implant a fertilized egg. In addition to taking medications, you need to take care of yourself: try to eliminate stress, limit physical activity and not lift heavy objects.