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Manufacturers: Cadila Healthcare
Active ingredients
- Acyclovir
Disease class
- Anogenital herpetic viral infection
- Herpes simplex virus infections
- Herpetic gingivostomatitis and pharyngotonsillitis
- Shingles
Clinical and pharmacological group
- Not indicated. See instructions
Pharmacological action
- Antiviral
- Antiherpetic
Pharmacological group
- Antiviral (except HIV) drugs
Oral tablets Cyclovir (Cyclovir)
Instructions for medical use of the drug
Description of pharmacological action
Interacts with enzymes of host cells affected by the virus (has structural similarity to deoxyguanidine DNA) and stops virus replication. Has a selective effect on viral DNA synthesis.
Indications for use
Infections of the skin and mucous membranes caused by the herpes simplex virus (table, cream) or herpes zoster virus (table), herpes of the lips or genitals (cream).
Release form
tablets 200 mg; contour packaging without cells 10 cardboard pack 1; Composition 1 tablet contains acyclovir 200 mg; 10 pcs in contour-free packaging, 1 pack in a cardboard box. 1 g of cream for external use - 50 mg; in tubes of 5 g, in a cardboard box 1 tube.
Pharmacodynamics
Interacts with enzymes of host cells affected by the virus (has structural similarity to deoxyguanidine DNA) and stops virus replication. Has a selective effect on viral DNA synthesis.
Pharmacokinetics
It is not completely absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract, bioavailability is 20%. Cmax is reached after 1–2 hours. In the blood, it is bound to proteins by 12–15%. Penetrates through the BBB.
Contraindications for use
Hypersensitivity.
Side effects
Tablets: nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, headache, fatigue, increased urea, creatinine and bilirubin in the blood serum, increased activity of liver enzymes, allergic skin reactions. Cream: irritation at the application site.
Directions for use and doses
Tablets: orally, course - 5 days (for shingles - an additional 3 days). Adults and children over 5 years of age: for infections caused by the herpes simplex virus - 200 mg 5 times a day (for prevention - 200 mg 4 times a day); for herpes zoster - 800 mg 5 times a day. Children under 2 years old - 1/2 the adult dose. Prophylactic (for organ transplantation and other diseases) use is determined by the risk period - usually 6 weeks. Cream: applied cutaneously to the affected surface 5 times a day with an interval of 4 hours. Course: 5–10 days.
Overdose
Symptoms: manifested by increased side effects. Treatment: gastric lavage, administration of plasma and plasma substitutes, hemodialysis.
Precautions for use
It is not recommended to use tablets for the treatment of newborns.
Storage conditions
List B: In a place protected from light, at a temperature not exceeding 25 °C.
Best before date
48 months
ATX classification:
J Antimicrobials for systemic use
J05 Antiviral drugs for systemic use
J05A Direct acting antivirals
J05AB Nucleosides and nucleotides
J05AB01 Aciclovir
Acyclovir, tablets 200 mg, 20 pcs.
Manufacturer
Belmedpreparaty, Belarus
Compound
Active substance: acyclovir in terms of 100% substance - 200 mg and 400 mg; excipients: microcrystalline cellulose 21.46 mg or 42.92 mg, povidone 1.17 mg or 2.34 mg, magnesium stearate 2 mg or 4 mg, indigo carmine 0.1 mg or 0.2 mg, sodium carboxymethyl starch 12.5 mg or 25 mg, purified water 12.77 mg or 25.54 mg, respectively.
pharmachologic effect
Pharmaceutical group:
antiviral agent.
Pharmaceutical action:
The antiviral drug is a synthetic analogue of thymidine nucleoside.
In infected cells containing viral thymidine kinase, phosphorylation occurs and is converted to acyclovir monophosphate. Under the influence of acyclovir guanylate cyclase, monophosphate is converted into diphosphate and, under the action of several cellular enzymes, into triphosphate. High selectivity of action and low toxicity to humans are due to the absence of the necessary enzyme for the formation of acyclovir triphosphate in intact cells of the macroorganism.
Acyclovir triphosphate, “incorporating” into the DNA synthesized by the virus, blocks the reproduction of the virus. The specificity and very high selectivity of the action are also due to its predominant accumulation in cells affected by the herpes virus.
Highly active against Herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2; the virus that causes chickenpox and herpes zoster (Varicella zoster); Epstein-Barr virus (types of viruses are indicated in increasing order of the MIC value of acyclovir).
Moderately active against CMV.
In case of herpes, it prevents the formation of new rash elements, reduces the likelihood of skin dissemination and visceral complications, accelerates the formation of crusts, and reduces pain in the acute phase of herpes zoster. Has an immunostimulating effect.
Indications
Treatment and prevention of infections caused by Herpes simplex viruses types 1 and 2 and Varicella zoster:
- herpes simplex of the skin and mucous membranes (primary and recurrent);
- genital herpes (primary and recurrent);
- herpes zoster (shingles);
- chickenpox (in the first 24 hours after the appearance of a typical rash);
- in patients with severe immunodeficiency (including after transplantation, when taking immunosuppressive drugs, in HIV-infected patients, during chemotherapy).
Contraindications
Hypersensitivity to acyclovir, ganciclovir, valacyclovir or components of the drug, lactation period, children under 3 years of age. With caution Pregnancy, old age, dehydration, renal failure, neurological disorders or neurological reactions to cytotoxic drugs (including a history).
Side effects
From the digestive system: nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal pain; rarely - a reversible increase in bilirubin content and the activity of liver enzymes. From the hematopoietic system: very rarely - anemia, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia. From the urinary system: rarely - increased levels of urea and creatinine in the blood; very rarely - acute renal failure. From the central nervous system: headache, weakness, dizziness, increased fatigue, confusion, hallucinations, drowsiness, paresthesia, convulsions, decreased concentration, agitation. Allergic reactions: itching, rash, Lyell's syndrome, urticaria, erythema multiforme, incl. Stevens-Johnson syndrome, angioedema, anaphylaxis. Other: fever, lymphadenopathy, peripheral edema, blurred vision, myalgia, alopecia.
Interaction
When used simultaneously with probenecid, the average half-life of acyclovir increases and the clearance of acyclovir decreases.
When taken simultaneously with nephrotoxic drugs, the risk of developing renal dysfunction increases.
How to take, course of administration and dosage
Take orally, during or immediately after a meal, with a sufficient amount of water. The dosage regimen is set individually depending on the severity of the disease. For the treatment of infections of the skin and mucous membranes caused by the Herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2 Adults - 200 mg 5 times a day (every 4 hours while awake, excluding night sleep) for 5 days, for the treatment of genital herpes - 10 days , if necessary, the duration of treatment can be extended. As part of complex therapy for severe immunodeficiency, including with a full-blown clinical picture of HIV infection (including early clinical manifestations of HIV infection and the stage of AIDS), after bone marrow implantation, 400 mg is prescribed 5 times a day. To prevent relapses of infections caused by the Herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2 in patients with normal immune status: Adults - 200 mg 4 times a day every 6 hours, course duration from 6 to 12 months. For the prevention of infections caused by the Herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2 in patients with immunodeficiency: Adults: 200 mg 4 times a day every 6 hours, maximum dose: up to 400 mg 5 times a day, depending on the severity of the infection. When treating herpes zoster - 800 mg 5 times a day (every 4 hours while awake, excluding night sleep) for 7-10 days. For children over 3 years of age, the drug is prescribed in the same dose as for adults. Treatment of chickenpox: adults and children over 6 years old - 800 mg 4 times a day; children 3-6 years old - 400 mg 4 times a day. More accurately, the dose can be determined at the rate of 20 mg/kg. The course of treatment is 5 days. In patients with impaired renal function, dose adjustment and dosage regimen are necessary depending on the magnitude of creatinine clearance and the type of infection. For the treatment of infection caused by Herpes simplex, with creatinine clearance less than 10 ml/min, the daily dose of the drug should be reduced to 400 mg, divided into 2 doses (with intervals between them of at least 12 hours, i.e. 200 mg 2 times a day). day). In the treatment of infections caused by Varicella zoster, and in the maintenance therapy of patients with severe immunodeficiency - patients with a creatinine clearance of 10-25 ml/min are prescribed the drug 800 mg 3 times a day with an interval of 8 hours, with a creatinine clearance of less than 10 ml/min - 800 mg 2 times a day with an interval of 12 hours.
Overdose
Symptoms: agitation, coma, convulsions, lethargy.
Precipitation of acyclovir in the renal tubules is possible if its concentration exceeds the solubility in the renal tubules (2.5 mg/ml).
Treatment: symptomatic.
Special instructions
When taking the drug, kidney function should be monitored (blood urea and plasma creatinine levels). When using the drug, it is necessary to ensure the supply of a sufficient amount of fluid.
Long-term or repeated treatment with acyclovir in patients with reduced immunity can lead to the emergence of strains of viruses that are insensitive to its action. Most isolated strains of viruses that are insensitive to acyclovir show a relative lack of viral thymidine kinase; strains with altered thymidine kinase or with altered DNA polymerase were isolated.
In vitro, the effect of acyclovir on isolated strains of the Herpes simplex virus may cause the emergence of less sensitive strains. Acyclovir does not prevent the sexual transmission of herpes, so during the treatment period it is necessary to abstain from sexual intercourse, even in the absence of clinical manifestations.
During the treatment period, care must be taken when driving vehicles and engaging in other potentially hazardous activities that require increased concentration and speed of psychomotor reactions.
Release form
pills
Storage conditions
In a dry place, protected from light, at a temperature not exceeding 25 ° C. Keep out of the reach of children.
Best before date
4 years.
Active substance
Acyclovir
Conditions for dispensing from pharmacies
On prescription
Dosage form
pills
Purpose
Children as prescribed by a doctor, Children over 2 years old, For adults, Pregnant women as prescribed by a doctor
Indications
Cold, Herpes
Information in the State Register of Medicines
Go
Barcode and weight
Barcode: 4810133008417 Weight: 0.030 kg
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