According to a survey conducted by ROSSTAT “Comprehensive monitoring of living conditions of the population 2018”, infectious diseases are the third reason for the independent use of medications as part of self-medication and self-prevention [1]. In such a situation, the pharmaceutical worker is actually the only qualified interlocutor of the buyer who is faced with a choice. Therefore, today, competent pharmaceutical consulting is gaining more and more importance.
The nasal mucosa is a typical “entry gate” for respiratory viruses, therefore, the temporary guidelines of the Russian Ministry of Health for the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of the new coronavirus infection (COVID-2019) dated March 27, 2020 indicate that for nonspecific prevention of coronavirus infection it is recommended to use drugs for topical use with barrier functions. Such drugs and medical devices form a physical barrier on the mucous membrane of the nasal cavity, preventing the adhesion of the virus. The compounds that form the barrier are gradually eliminated due to the work of the mucociliary apparatus. Theoretically, the protective layer will help slow the progression of the disease, since there will be fewer cells available to attack by viruses.
Content
- Purpose and application
- Composition, formulation and release format
- Mechanism of action of "Sporobacterin"
- Regulations for working with the drug "Sporobacterin"
- Analogues of "Sporobacterin" and pesticides containing Bacillus subtilis
- Restrictions and security
- Benefits of use
“Sporobacterin” is a biofungicide that provides effective preventive protection and treatment of fungal and bacterial plant diseases. The material contains the purpose, composition, regulations for use, dosage, etc.
Purpose and application
The biological fungicide "Sporobacterin" is used in agricultural and private farms for the preventive and therapeutic protection of seedlings and adult plants of vegetable, fruit and flower crops from a complex of fungal and bacterial diseases.
| Cabbage, leafy greens and salads | Blackleg, vascular bacteriosis, mucous bacteriosis |
| Potato | Macrosporiosis, late blight, rhizoctonia |
| Cucumber (open and/or protected ground), zucchini, pumpkin | Root rot, fusarium wilt, powdery mildew, angular spot |
| Tomato | Root rot, blackleg, late blight, brown leaf spot |
| Apple, pear, quince | Scab, moniliosis, powdery mildew |
| Grape | Mildew, oidium, gray mold |
| Strawberries/strawberries | Gray rot, powdery mildew |
| Floral and ornamental crops | Root rot, spotting |
Sporobacterin: how to protect seedlings from diseases
Seeds are a source of plant infection by pathogens (phytopathogens). Phytopathogens cause plant diseases such as downy mildew, scab, phomosis, bacteriosis, various types of rot, anthracnose, black leg, powdery mildew, late blight and many others.
Sporobacterin, Sporobacterin - seedlings, Sporobacterin - vegetation: how to protect seedlings from diseases.
Diseased seeds cannot be distinguished from healthy ones, therefore only seed disinfection makes it possible to suppress the development of phytopathogens in the early stages of plant development.
An effective preparation for seed disinfection is the biofungicide Sporobacterin, the active substance of which is the microorganisms: the fungus Trichoderma viride (Trichoderma) and the bacterium Bacillus subtilis (Bacillus subtilis).
Trichoderma, penetrating into the roots of phytopathogen fungi, actively grows in the cells, which leads to their death. In addition, Trichoderma suppresses the growth and development of pathogens due to the release of large amounts of antibiotics. Bacillus subtilis also suppresses the development of phytopathogens, producing more than 70 types of antibiotics. The impact of Bacillus subtilis on phytopathogens is to create unfavorable living conditions for them (soil acidification), as well as the creation of nutritional deficiency, since Bacillus subtilis develops faster than pathogens and populates the maximum surface area.
Antibiotics secreted by Trichoderma and Bacillus subtilis suppress the growth and development of pathogens and are effective stimulators of plant growth and immunity.
Spilling the soil before sowing seeds with a solution of Sporobacterin helps saturate the seedling soil with antagonistic microorganisms. Trichoderma and Bacillus subtilis develop faster than pathogens, concentrate in the root zone of seedlings and actively suppress the growth and development of bacterial and fungal pathogens of plants, creating a protective space around young plants.
Biological fungicide "Sporobacterin - Seedling" for protecting seedlings of vegetable, fruit and flower crops from fungal and bacterial diseases.
The use of the drug Sporobacterin guarantees the production of healthy and strong seedlings that are resistant to diseases and various stresses.
When planting seedlings in open ground, it is recommended to preventively water the soil and spray the plants with Sporobacterin throughout the summer.
We have also prepared a video for you in which we will tell you why and how to soak seeds before planting.
Composition, formulation and release format
The active ingredients are the bacterium Bacillus subtilis titer no less than 108 CFU/g and the fungus Trichoderma viride , strain 4097 titer no less than 106 CFU/g.
Chemical class – biological pesticides, bacterial fungicides.
Preparative form - SP (wetting powder).
Release format – packages of various packaging:
- "Sporobacterin", 20g;
- “Sporobacterin-Vegetation”, 10g;
- "Sporobacterin-Rassada, 5g.
Manufacturer of the drug – Russian
Application of biofungicide "Sporobacterin, SP" when soaking seeds
MEDICATIONS
The barrier function in medicinal products is performed by the substances that make up their ointment or gel base. In addition, intranasal medications also contain active ingredients: dioxotetrahydroxytetrahydronaphthalene (“Oksolin”, nasal ointment 0.25%), interferon alpha-2b (“Viferon”, ointment and gel for external and local use; “Infagel” gel for external and local use). However, the effectiveness of their use as declared antiviral agents does not have a sufficient scientific basis.
| Trade name | Excipients | Active ingredients | With caution / Contraindications |
| Oksolin, nasal ointment 0.25% | Liquid paraffin (vaseline oil), petroleum jelly | Dioxotetrahydroxytetrahydronaphthalene | With caution during pregnancy, breastfeeding, contraindication - children under 2 years of age |
| Viferon, gel for external and local use | Alpha tocopherol acetate, methionine, benzoic acid, citric acid monohydrate, sodium tetraborate decahydrate, sodium chloride, human albumin, distilled glycerin (glycerol), sodium carmellose, ethanol 95%, purified water | Interferon alpha-2b human recombinant | Pregnancy and breastfeeding are not a contraindication for use due to the very low absorption of components; use in newborns is possible |
| Viferon, ointment for external and local use | Alpha tocopherol acetate, lanolin anhydrous, medical petrolatum, peach oil, calcium pantothenate, sodium benzoate, human albumin, sodium acetate trihydrate, sodium chloride, disodium edetate dihydrate, purified water | Interferon alpha-2b human recombinant | Possible use during pregnancy and breastfeeding due to very low absorption of components, contraindication - children under 1 year of age |
| Infagel, gel for external and local use | Aluminum hydroxide, polyvinyl alcohol, purified water | Interferon alpha-2b recombinant | Contraindicated for persons suffering from allergic diseases in the acute stage |
Mechanism of action of "Sporobacterin"
According to the method of penetration, Sporobacterin is a two-component contact pesticide with systemic action.
Strains of Bacillus subtilis exhibit a versatile effect on pathogens: they produce antibiotics, are antagonists to phytopathogens, increase plant immunity, and have a stimulating effect on the protected object.
In the soil, bacilli are found in the form of spores or vegetative cells. At soil temperatures close to 0°C, most of the bacilli form spores. When favorable conditions occur, bacteria enter an active (vegetative) state and begin to work - protecting the soil and plants from diseases. The higher the soil pH (alkaline component), the higher the percentage of spores.
It was experimentally established that two microorganisms have an effective effect at once. When living together with a crop, active protection is provided by the bacterium Bacillus subtilis, which blocks development and destroys phytopathogens, and in dry weather, Bacillus subtilis is replaced by the protective effect of the fungus Trichoderma viride, which provides further protection of plants from diseases.
Regulations for working with the drug "Sporobacterin"
Procedure for preparing the working solution:
- 5g. Dilute the drug in 0.5 l. water (slightly warm, not hot!!!);
- add 1 teaspoon of sugar and stir;
- squeeze for about 30 minutes;
- add water to a volume of 5 liters;
- Move or shake the working solution before use.
The working solution should be used on the day of preparation and should not be stored.
The period of use of the drug is from early spring to late autumn, according to the instructions for use (see table), the manufacturer of the drug does not limit the frequency of treatments.
Standards for using the biofungicide "Sporobacterin, SP"
| Types of treatments | Features of application |
| 1. Soil preparation - soil disinfection before sowing seeds | 3 days before sowing the seeds, it is necessary to spill the working solution - 1 l./10 l. soil. |
| 2. Processing of planting material (seeds, bulbs, tubers) | This is done in two ways: 1) soaking the planting material for 1-2 hours in a working solution (for seeds 1.5 g/1 liter of water); 2) spraying bulbs or tubers with a working solution immediately before planting (4-5g/1 liter of water per 120 kg of tubers) |
| 3. Treatment of seedlings (1-2 weeks after germination) | After germination, root watering is carried out twice (on the 1st and 2nd week) with a working solution - 1 l./10 kg. soil. |
| 4. Treatment of seedlings (from the 3rd week after germination) | Treatment by spraying once a week with a working solution – 1 l./1 m2. |
| 5. Treatment when planting in the ground | When planting seedlings in a permanent place, water once per hole - 50-100 ml/1 plant. The number of treatments after planting is 1-3 times, with an interval of 1 week. |
| 6. Processing of vegetable crops during the growing season , as well as processing of ornamental plants, conifers and lawns | The preparation is applied by watering the soil – 10 liters. working solution per 100m2 |
| 7. Processing of indoor and greenhouse lantern crops | It is carried out before the flowering phase with an interval of 2 weeks. Consumption rate – 1 l./10m2 or 100ml./2 l. soil |
| 8. Treatment of wintering crops (early spring and final autumn) | Preventive treatment is carried out by spraying at an air temperature of 0...+5 C in the fall before covering the plants for overwintering and immediately after removing the cover in early spring. The consumption rate of working fluid is 2 l. / 20-50 plants. |
Security measures
Do not use food containers to prepare the working solution! The solution cannot be stored; use within 24 hours.
Carry out the treatment in the absence of children and animals, wearing safety glasses and a respirator. While working, you must not drink, smoke, or eat. After work, wash your hands and face with soap and water and take a shower. Store separately from medicines, food and feed, out of the reach of children and animals.
Duration of work is no more than 3 hours. After work, wash your face and hands with soap and rinse your mouth with water.
First aid for poisoning:
The danger of acute poisoning is unlikely, however,
- if the drug gets on the skin, wash off with soap and water;
- In case of contact with eyes, rinse with plenty of water;
- if swallowed, drink activated carbon;
- If inhaled, remove victim to fresh air.
If necessary, consult the Federal State Institution “Scientific and Practical Toxicology Center of the FMBA of Russia” (open 24 hours a day), 129090, Moscow, Bolshaya Sukharevskaya Square, 3, room 7, tel., fax.
