The use of a multicomponent adhesive ointment in combination with imudon in the complex therapy of lichen planus

The appearance of dubious spots on the skin, which sometimes itch and flake, is a serious reason to consult a doctor and check for dermatological diseases.

Pityriasis rosea (Giber's disease, roseola exfoliates, pityriasis, pithiasis) is an acute skin disease with specific rashes, a peculiar course and a tendency to seasonal relapses. It manifests itself in the formation of pink spots on the skin of the chest, back, limbs and other parts of the body, located along the lines of maximum extensibility (Langer's lines). Over time, the rashes become like large medallions. From the moment the first maternal plaque (large spot) is detected until the symptoms of the disease completely disappear, 30-45 days pass.

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Causes of pityriasis

Despite the fact that Gibert's disease is very common, the mechanism of the disease is not fully understood. The following factors are believed to play an initial role:

1. Exposure to viruses (type 7 herpesvirus, etc.), bacteria and other infectious agents. This is confirmed by tests that prove the presence of pathogens in the body. Very often, skin disease appears against the background of influenza, acute respiratory infections and other infections.
2. Attachment of allergic reactions.
3. Bites from bedbugs, lice and other blood-sucking insects.
4. Reduced immune defense.
5. Frequent hypothermia and stress.
6. Violation of gastrointestinal functions and metabolism.
7. Introduction of vaccines.

Classification

Ringworm is an unpleasant disease, but it can be completely cured. There are even some types of lichen that do not require treatment and go away on their own.

In 2021, the most common types of lichen in humans are (see photo):

1. Pityriasis, it is also known as "colored" or "variegated".
2. Pityriasis rosea or Gibert's disease.
3. Ringworm (aka “hairworm” or trichophytosis).
4. Lichen planus, affecting the skin, mucous membranes, and, less commonly, nails.
5. Scaly, popularly known as psoriasis.
6. Shingles, sometimes called herpes.
7. Microsporia. A highly contagious form that is often confused with ringworm.

Each type is caused by a specific pathogen and is subject to strictly defined treatment. The consequence of untreated lichen can be permanently disfigured skin or lost hair.

Symptoms of pityriasis

Clinical manifestations of pityriasis rosea are caused by exposure to infectious pathogens and the development of allergic reactions. The skin disease is manifested by the following symptoms:

• General weakness, enlarged lymph nodes, elevated body temperature.
• The formation on the body of small pinkish and mauve spots that have a symmetrical shape and appear along Langer’s lines. Rashes appear on the back, limbs, chest, neck, groin and other parts of the body.
• The appearance on the skin of 2-3 bright red maternal plaques (their diameter is 4 cm), dotted with scales. After a week, small pink rashes form from these large spots.
• Dropout spots spread throughout the body and increase in size (their diameter is 1-2 cm), can peel off, and resemble medallions in shape.
• Severe skin itching.
• Increased irritability.

With proper therapy, the symptoms of pityriasis disappear after 5-8 weeks, and the patient fully recovers. Longer therapy is required if the rash has dense nodules, blisters or papules. In exceptional cases, pityriasis rosea turns into eczema, purulent inflammation of the skin, folliculitis, streptococcal infections, etc. develop. The development of complications is facilitated by the patient’s excessive sweating, a tendency to allergies, constant friction of the skin and improper treatment.

What is lichen planus?

Lichen planus is an inflammatory dermatosis with various clinical manifestations. The pathological process involves skin tissue and its appendages (nails and hair), as well as mucous membranes. Usually the disease affects representatives of both sexes of middle and older age, but sometimes it is observed in children.

In modern medicine, it is believed that lichen planus is a delayed-type hypersensitivity reaction in response to the action of a neoantigen of epidermal (skin) origin, since the autoimmune aspect has a significant place in the nature of the disease. Cytokines released by immune cells provoke cytotoxic mechanisms and trigger cell death (apoptosis).

Lichen planus is characterized by three stages:

• progressive, which is accompanied by the active manifestation of symptoms of the pathology: the formation of papules and itching;
• stationary with a gradual decrease in signs of the disease: pallor, flattening of papules and subsidence of itching;
• regressive, which is characterized by regression of papules, the formation of brown spots and areas of atrophy at the site of their localization, and the disappearance of itching.

Diagnosis of pityriasis

If you find suspicious spots on the skin, you should promptly contact a dermatologist. During a visual examination, the doctor assesses the nature of the rashes, their shape, size, location on the body and is able to make the correct diagnosis. After dermatoscopy, the following studies are additionally carried out: biochemical tests of blood and urine, RMP (microprecipitation reactions with antigens), skin scrapings from injured areas.

A more complex diagnosis is carried out if the skin disease lasts more than six weeks. In these cases, discharge from the affected lesions is sent for bacterial culture. A biopsy and subsequent histological studies will help make the correct diagnosis. In order to distinguish Zhiber's disease from other types of lichen, toxicerma, psoriasis, complicated syphilis and other pathologies, fluorescent diagnostics are carried out, scrapings are checked for the presence of pathogenic fungi, RPR tests are done for syphilis, etc.

Ringworm on the skin: treatment

Treatment of the disease is especially effective at an early stage. Ringworm can be cured in all patients, regardless of age. In this case, you need to consult a doctor even with minor manifestations. For diagnostic purposes, a dermatologist conducts a visual or instrumental examination (using a special lamp), prescribes a series of tests - studying urine, blood, as well as immunological studies and skin scrapings.

After establishing the exact cause and type of lichen, treatment is prescribed. Most often it is associated with the use of special ointments externally (antifungal drugs). The course of therapy lasts from 2 weeks to 3-4 months.

Main areas of treatment:

1. Etiotropic – the use of drugs that eliminate the cause of the disease. These can be fungicides or antiviral agents (based on Acyclovir).
2. Elimination of itching, spots and other unpleasant symptoms.
3. Carrying out procedures - UV therapy, physiotherapy, increasing resistance (strengthening the immune system), maintaining personal hygiene.
4. In rare cases, it is necessary to disinfect the premises, especially linen, furniture, and personal belongings.

It is not recommended to treat lichen yourself at home. This is dangerous because you can waste time and also infect other people. In addition, the patient often cannot determine which drug to treat the pathology with. For example, a person “prescribes” an antimicrobial ointment while he develops herpetic (viral) lichen. In rare cases, lost time can result in severe consequences such as blindness, arthritis, and other complications.

Pityriasis rosea in pregnant women

Pityriasis occurs more often in women than in men. It is especially dangerous when the skin disease occurs in pregnant women. If you notice any rashes, it is important to immediately visit a dermatologist and undergo treatment. It is unacceptable to risk the baby’s health and expect the plaques to disappear on their own. If the disease is not treated, then bacterial infections appear, which are much more difficult to deal with.

If a pregnant woman has not been diagnosed with pityriasis rosea, it is nevertheless important to adhere to the following recommendations:

• clothing made from cotton and linen is preferable to synthetic and woolen fabrics
• limiting heavy physical activity
• For hygienic purposes, use only warm water
• timely moisturizing of damaged skin areas

How to cure lichen planus?

The composition and tactics of treatment for lichen planus depend on the degree of spread of the lesion, on the cause and localization of the pathology, on information about the effectiveness of previously administered therapy. Thus, treatment of the disease involves the use of systemic and external medications, as well as phototherapy.

Among the most effective medicinal groups of drugs for the treatment of lichen planus, experts identify:

• antihistamines;
• multivitamin complexes;
• antifungal agents;
• systemic corticosteroids;
• systemic retinoids, etc.

Treatment of pityriasis

When a patient is diagnosed with Gibert's disease, the dermatologist develops an individual treatment regimen to avoid dangerous complications. There is an opinion that pityriasis rosea will go away on its own in a few weeks. As a result, complications arise, and the patient comes to the dermatologist with an advanced form of the disease.

Drug treatment includes the following medications:

• antihistamines that relieve the patient from itching, swelling and redness on the body
• corticosteroid, desensitizing and antipruritic ointments. Medicinal compositions containing betamethasone, hydrocortisone, etc. are applied to the affected skin and lightly rubbed in. The medications eliminate rashes, get rid of peeling, and effectively restore the skin.
• drying agents containing zinc to accelerate skin healing
• Broad-spectrum antibiotics are indicated in cases where a bacterial infection is associated with pityriasis rosea. It is unacceptable to start taking antibacterial drugs on your own, since they are selected individually, taking into account laboratory tests.
• antifungal medications: drugs containing clotrimazole and other active substances are prescribed topically in the form of gels and ointments
• antiviral drugs containing acyclovir and other active components. Dermatological tests have confirmed that if antiviral drugs are prescribed in combination with antibiotics from the first days, the patient quickly recovers.
• neutral water-shaken preparations Dermatologists prescribe pharmacy talkers containing zinc oxide, menthol and anesthesin to patients with pityriasis rosea. These products relieve itching and pain in damaged areas and speed up recovery.
• iodine is an aggressive, but extremely effective remedy. Injured skin is treated with iodine in the morning and evening. Initially, the skin begins to peel off more actively, but then there are no extra scales left on it. Not all experts recommend that their patients cauterize damaged areas with iodine, since this drug can be harmful if used incorrectly.

Recommendations for patients

During the treatment period, the patient is recommended to adhere to the following recommendations:

1. Follow a hypoallergenic diet: avoid nuts, citrus fruits, chocolates, honey, etc. Products containing artificial colors should be excluded from the menu. It is worth limiting the consumption of fried foods, carbonated drinks, fast food, strong alcohol and coffee.
2. Limit water treatments within reasonable limits and give preference to the shower.
3. Refuse to use aggressive hygiene and cosmetic products for the body. Gels and other detergents should not dry out the skin.
4. Give preference to underwear made from natural fabrics.
5. Moderate sunbathing - ultraviolet light helps the skin recover faster.
6. Follow the recommendations of a dermatologist, apply to the skin only products recommended by a specialist.
7. Folk remedies can be used only after consultation with your doctor.

How dangerous is lichen planus?

Lack of treatment or a severe stage of the disease can lead to damage to the entire skin, severe discomfort and a significant decrease in immunity.

Lichen planus on the scalp can cause irreversible hair loss, and on the nail plates - nail deformation (thinning, splitting, rejection of the nail plate, even nail lysis).

A pathological lesion in the eye area can lead to blurred vision or narrowing of the tear duct.

The erosive form of the disease often leads to the formation of scars, and the result of lesions of the genital mucosa can be narrowing of the vagina or phimosis.

Also, some forms of the disease are prone to malignancy and degeneration into squamous cell skin cancer.

Rating of remedies for lichen

Taking into account the cause of occurrence, 7 types of pathology are distinguished. The most dangerous are considered viral infections, which are characterized by rapid spread and long-term treatment. Therapy is aimed at alleviating symptoms, increasing immunity, and eliminating the irritant. The rating of the best treatments for lichen in an adult or child is based on the results of comparative tests of the following characteristics of the drugs:

• Pharmacological group;
• Release form;
• Indications;
• Presence and type of side effects;
• Packaging volume;
• Availability;
• Active substance;
• Number of contraindications;
• Impact on human psychomotor reactions;
• Terms of Use;
• Interaction with drugs from other pharmaceutical groups;
• Best before date.

The price/package volume ratio was taken into account. This indicator often determines the need for additional purchase of funds for a course of treatment. All top drugs are divided into 3 categories based on the release form. Each section provides a description, pros and cons of the medication according to reviews from doctors and patients.

The best antiviral agents

Sources

• Anderson KR: Treatment with dapsone in pityriasis versicolor vesicularis rosea, 1971;
• Andrews GK: Skin Diseases 1954;
• AranjoT. et al.: Human Herpesviruses 6 and 7, 2002;
• Bernhardt R.: Skin diseases: 1922;
• Bjornberg A, Hellgren L: Pityriasis rosea. Statistical, clinical and laboratory research, 1962;
• Buckley K: Rash resembling pityriasis rosea in a patient receiving omeprazole, 1996;
• Gutowski W.: Attempt to treat Gibert's pink dandruff with bismuth and penicillin, 1950;
• Kempf W. et al.: Pityriasis rosea is not associated with human herpes virus, 1999;
• Parson JM et al: Update on pityriasis rosea, 1986;
• Sharma PK, Yadav TP: Erythromycin for pityriasis rosea, 2000;
• Wass I.: Treatment of pityriasis rosea with nonspecific substances, 1948.

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What brand of deprivation remedy is better to choose?

The choice of medication often depends on the type of pathology. Medicines for the treatment of lichen must have anti-inflammatory, antifungal or antiviral effects. External products contain components with a drying, astringent or moisturizing effect. The drug should be prescribed by a doctor after receiving the diagnostic results. Self-medication threatens the disease to become chronic, the treatment of which will take a long period. The review contains the best remedies for deprivation from the following companies:

• JSC Sintez is a large enterprise in the Russian pharmaceutical industry. The quality system covers all stages of drug production. Control of the properties of raw materials and finished products is carried out in our own laboratories. In terms of production volumes, the plant is among the top 10 companies in the domestic pharmaceutical industry.
• Bayer AG is a German chemical and pharmaceutical company. Medicines for lichen are produced by a manufacturing plant located in Italy. The company operates under the motto: “We invent and make available products that help people make their lives better.” The company's medicines are valued for their safety and effectiveness. Success is based on excellence in research and development.
• Zentiva is an international pharmaceutical company headquartered in Prague. Specializes in the development and production of generic drugs for various therapeutic purposes. High-quality medicines meet the needs of modern methods of treatment and prevention. Users note the reliability and safety of the products.
• BioNaturika is a Russian company that produces various cosmetic products for the care of hair, facial skin and body. Product lines are divided according to the age of the user. There is a separate category of products for children and teenagers. It also offers contract manufacturing services at its own factory.
• Ekaterinburg pharmaceutical factory - the company produces various medicines in the form of ointments, pastes, tinctures, drops, elixirs, extracts, alcohol solutions. Some products are produced according to the following scheme: a foreign company pays for raw materials, the production and sale of the drug is carried out in Russia.
• Janssen is a Belgian manufacturer of medicines in the field of pain management, psychiatry, infectious pathologies, and gastroenterology. It is part of the largest developer and manufacturer of healthcare products, Johnson & Johnson. The company provides innovative solutions for the treatment of socially significant diseases.
• Sandoz is a German pharmaceutical company. Produces biosimilars and generics. Its goal is to increase the accessibility of medicine for all people. The brand is trusted by healthcare professionals. Products are valued for quality, availability, and efficiency. A wide range allows you to choose a product to solve most medical problems.
• JSC FP "Obolenskoe" - the company is part of the Alvansa group of companies. It produces more than 150 types of medicines of various pharmaceutical types, including generics and innovative developments. The quality of the goods meets accepted standards.
• Akrikhin is a large Russian pharmaceutical company producing finished drugs. The main part of the range is represented by highly effective generics. The company owns its own research and development center, which is equipped with modern technological equipment and analytical instruments. Every day, employees work on the production of innovative products for the treatment of dermatological, cardiac diseases, diabetes, and tuberculosis.
• PJSC Biosintez is a group of Russian pharmaceutical enterprises. Produces more than 180 types of finished drugs in various release forms. The nomenclature includes drugs from most pharmacotherapeutic groups. Now part of the Sun Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd concern.
• Pharmstandard-Laksredstva OJSC is a Russian pharmaceutical company engaged in the development and production of high-quality medicines. The range includes more than 330 drugs, among which 60 are innovative developments, 140 are included in the list of vital drugs.
• Vips-Med Firm is a Russian company whose list of services includes the manufacture of medical and pharmaceutical products. It carries out wholesale supplies of drugs of its own production to the regions of the country, the CIS and Baltic countries. Products meet health standards.

Prevention

How to protect yourself from a contagious disease:

1. Monitor the course of diseases associated with the functioning of the endocrine system;
2. Do not touch stray cats and dogs;
3. Strengthen your immune system;
4. Keep your hands and skin clean;
5. Eat right;
6. Be less nervous;
7. Along with antibiotics, take medications to protect the intestinal microflora;
8. Always wash your hands with soap after returning from public places;
9. Wear protective gloves when working in your garden.

Now you know how to treat lichen. Do not use medications and traditional recipes without a doctor’s recommendation. Use the whole range of methods - the disease will recede.