Anyone who has experienced nasal congestion or a runny nose notes a state of increased discomfort. When it is difficult not only to breathe, but also the familiar world becomes literally alien: it is impossible to distinguish between smells and tastes. Headache, inflammation of the mucous membrane and frequent sneezing are accompanying problems with the nose. But how can you choose the right one from all the variety of life-saving remedies? When and what drops should be used, we’ll figure it out in this article.
Pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics
Pharmacodynamics
The active component of the drug - xylometazoline hydrochloride - has the ability, when applied topically, to constrict the vessels of the nasal mucosa, thereby reducing hyperemia, swelling and mucus secretion. In therapeutic doses, it improves nasal breathing and does not irritate the nasal mucosa. The therapeutic effect occurs within 10-15 minutes and lasts for 5-12 hours.
Pharmacokinetics
The drug is practically not absorbed, therefore, there is no data on pharmacokinetics.
How to treat dry nasal congestion
If swelling of the nasal mucosa is caused by ARVI, colds or flu, it is important to eliminate it as a symptom. Drops with a vasoconstrictor effect are suitable for these purposes. Also sprays and solutions based on sea salt: Aqua Maris, Marimer, Aqualor.
- The use of saline solutions and drops at this stage is needed to relieve symptoms of colds and FLU, to facilitate the removal of mucus if it still accumulates in the nose.
- You can also perform cold inhalations using a nebulizer and a special nasal attachment. For inhalation, saline solution or saline solution with the addition of interferon is suitable.
- If swelling of the mucous membrane is caused by structural features or a consequence of injury, then vasoconstrictor drops and sprays will have only a temporary effect, or even be completely useless, because the cause of poor nasal patency is curvature or fusion of cartilage - physical deformation. In this case, surgical intervention, restoration or reconstruction of the cartilage and bone tissue of the nose is indicated.
- Allergic edema. Most often it is eliminated by eliminating the allergen that provoked it. But, if we are talking about seasonal “non-acceptance” of flowering and pollen, this will be difficult to do. In this case, in addition to vasoconstrictors, you need to use special drops: Antihistamine sprays: Allergodil, Tizin-Allergy. Vibrocil is a combination drug that contains both an antihistamine component and a vasoconstrictor. Nazaval - protects against the development of allergies, preventing contact of the nasal mucosa with allergens, such as dust and pollen, contains cellulose of plant origin. There are also hormonal sprays, the course of which is at least 1 month. These include Avamis, Tafen nasal, Nasobek spray.
- Vasomotor rhinitis is a violation of blood circulation in the nasal mucosa. It can be caused by hormonal disorders and hormonal changes in the body. Often observed in pregnant women and women before menopause. It can also be caused by dependence on vasoconstrictor drops, which are used much longer than prescribed according to the instructions and indications.
Contraindications
High blood pressure , severe atherosclerosis , tachycardia , atrophic rhinitis , glaucoma , hypersensitivity to the drug, hyperthyroidism , age up to 6 years (spray).
Prescribe with caution for prostate adenoma , age under 2 years (nasal drops), diabetes mellitus .
For Nos during pregnancy and lactation it is prescribed only by a doctor with the condition of strict adherence to the recommended dosage. You should not take the drug for a long time.
Release form
Nasal spray, 1 mg/ml. 10 ml or 15 ml in a LDPE spray bottle with a HDPE screw cap equipped with a tamper evident system. The bottle is enclosed in a cardboard box.
Nasal drops for children, 0.5 mg/ml. 10 ml in a dark glass bottle with a screw-on aluminum cap, equipped with a tamper evident system complete with a screw-on pipette cap made of polypropylene/polystyrene/rubber. The pipette cap is packaged in a sealed LDPE bag. The bottle along with the pipette cap is placed in a cardboard pack.
Side effects
Frequent or prolonged use of the drug can cause dryness, burning, irritation of the nasopharyngeal mucosa, hypersecretion of mucus, and sneezing. Less common are swelling of the nasal mucosa, increased blood pressure, tachycardia , arrhythmia , vomiting , insomnia , visual disturbances, allergic reactions, headache, depression .
Stuffy nose with runny nose
A runny nose and nasal discharge can have different origins. The color and consistency of the discharge may be different.
Clear nasal discharge “like water”
A stream of snot can be the first symptoms of a cold. In this case, vasoconstrictor drops and sprays will help stop nasal flow. The purpose of saline solutions for watery discharge is to disinfect the mucous membrane and moisturize it.
Liquid discharge of an allergic nature can be eliminated with vasoconstrictor drops, in addition with antihistamines.
Purulent and thick nasal discharge
It may be the final stage of ARVI. Which is characterized by the appearance of green or yellow discharge from the nose, accompanied by a general improvement in well-being. We can say that this is a healing process. But if such snot appears on the 5-7th day of treatment and does not bring relief, then these are bacterial complications that can manifest as sinusitis, sinusitis, and frontal sinusitis. In complex therapy, antihistamines are used to enhance the anti-edematous effect. For acute forms of nasopharyngitis, sinusitis, and rhinitis, Sialor (Protargol) drops are also used. They contain silver proteinate and have a pronounced astringent, antiseptic and anti-inflammatory effect. And also a good means of prevention and treatment is the drug Derinat - an immunomodulator that affects cellular and humoral immunity. Derinat stimulates reparative processes, has an anti-inflammatory effect, normalizes the condition of tissues during dystrophic changes that occur during acute and chronic periods of diseases of the upper respiratory tract.
- Sinusitis and sinusitis. Accompanied by headaches, a feeling of constant fatigue and weakness, and general poor health. In some cases, body temperature rises. In this case, complex treatment will be required. Antibiotics are included, nasal drops with an antibiotic: Isofra, Polydexa, vasoconstrictors, saline solutions to quickly clear the nose of mucus and bacteria. In the acute stage, treatment using electromagnetic radiation and heating is not recommended.
- Rhinopharyngitis. Clear, thick mucus or yellow snot can be the result of hypothermia or eating food that is too cold. First of all, nasopharyngitis is manifested by redness and pain in the throat, sore throat, itching in the nasopharynx and coughing. These symptoms are quickly joined by a runny nose. The snot is thick, does not blow out easily, sits in the back of the nose, and in advanced cases turns green.
- In this case, in addition to vasoconstrictor drops, antihistamines and rinsing with saline solutions, you can and should add antibacterial drugs for the throat to relieve inflammation and irritation: Septolete, Grammidin, Strepsils. Symptomatic treatment of the throat is necessary in order to prevent the spread of the disease to the bronchi and lungs.
- Green snot can be a constant occurrence in people with diseases of the lungs and bronchi, with chronic, often exacerbating tonsillitis and pharyngitis, and in smokers. It is worth identifying the root cause and treating it. As a preventive measure, try to lead a healthy lifestyle and take care of your health and immunity.
Be healthy!
Analogs
Level 4 ATX code matches: Xymelin Eco
Xymelin
Nazivin
Galazolin
Lazorin
Nazivin Sensitive for children
Otrivin
Naphthyzin
Sanorin
Knoxprey
Lazolvan Rino
Afrin
Rhinorus
Eucazoline Aqua
Rinazolin
Grippostad Reno
Farmazolin
Xylometazoline
Nazol Advance
Nazol Baby
Grippostad Rino , Brizolin , Xylen , Galazolin , Xylometazoline hydrochloride , Dr. Theiss aerosol , Xylometazoline-Rusfar , Dr. Theiss Nazolin , K-Ratiopharm , Xymelin , Rinonorm , Nazenspray , Otrivin , Tizin xylo , Rinostop , Farmazolin .
Price, where to buy
The price for Dlynos drops varies between 72 - 82 rubles per package; the cost of the spray ranges from 92 to 180 rubles. You can purchase the drug in most pharmacies in Moscow and other cities.
- Online pharmacies in UkraineUkraine
Pharmacy24
- For nose 0.05% 10 ml drops Novartis Consumer Health S.A., Switzerland
35 UAH.order
Compound
Nasal spray | 1 ml |
active substance: | |
xylometazoline hydrochloride | 1 mg |
excipients: benzalkonium chloride - 0.11 mg; sodium dihydrogen phosphate dihydrate - 2.8 mg; sodium hydrogen phosphate dodecahydrate - 3 mg; disodium edetate - 0.5 mg; sodium chloride - 7 mg; distilled water - up to 1 ml |
Nasal drops for children | 1 ml |
active substance: | |
xylometazoline hydrochloride | 0.5 mg |
excipients: benzalkonium chloride - 0.11 mg; sodium dihydrogen phosphate dihydrate - 2.8 mg; sodium hydrogen phosphate dodecahydrate - 3 mg; disodium edetate - 0.5 mg; sodium chloride - 7 mg; distilled water - up to 1 ml |