Genferon
Genferon (recombinant human interferon alpha-2 + taurine_benzocaine) is a complex immunomodulatory drug with an antiviral effect. Interferons are biologically active proteins that are formed in the cell in response to the invasion of viruses, exposure to allergens or mutagens. Today, biotechnology is considered one of the most advanced technologies for obtaining interferon preparations. It does not involve the use of human blood as a raw material, which means there is no need to disinfect synthesized drugs. A Russian biotechnological company created the drug Genferon in the form of vaginal and rectal suppositories. This drug is widely in demand today in the complex treatment of infectious and inflammatory diseases of the urogenital tract, including infections caused by trichomonas, chlamydia, mycoplasmas, ureaplasmas, genital herpes, vaginal candidiasis, bacterial vulvovaginitis, genital warts. The key component of Genferon is interferon-alpha 2b, which has a complex antiviral, antimicrobial, cytostatic and immunomodulatory effect. It comes into play even before immune mechanisms are activated, acting as the first line of defense against invading pathogens. Interferon carries out its action indirectly through two enzymes synthesized with its participation, one of which cleaves viral RNA, the other suppresses the formation of new viral proteins.
The result is a decrease in the number of viral particles by several orders of magnitude. But interferon is valuable not only for its antiviral effect: it is also active against Staphylococcus aureus, Toxoplasma, Chlamydia, Legionella, Cryptococcus, and yeast. Another important component of Interferon is taurine. This amino acid has the ability to restore the structure of affected tissues, which is ensured by the presence of immunomodulatory, antioxidant, membrane-stabilizing and osmoregulatory properties. Taurine neutralizes the destructive effect of free radicals that are massively formed at the site of inflammation, which prevents further destruction of cell membranes and damage to cell DNA. The anti-inflammatory properties of taurine promote rapid epithelization and tissue repair in the inflammatory zone. This amino acid has the ability to potentiate immune reactions, activating the proliferation of cells that carry out the immune response. The third component of Genferon is the anesthetic benzocaine, whose task is to quickly eliminate discomfort (itching, burning, etc.) when administering a suppository. The combination of the neuromodulatory effect of taurine with the analgesic properties of benzocaine ensures that the quality of life of patients taking Genferon is maintained at a consistently high level.
Use of the drug Genferon in the treatment of patients with chronic urethroprostatitis due to STIs
A.I. Neymark, I.I. Klepikova. Barnaul
Chronic prostatitis affects 40 to 70% of men of reproductive age. This is the most common urological disease in men under 50 years of age and the third most common (after adenoma and prostate cancer) in people over 50 years of age. About 85% or more of cases of chronic prostatitis are caused by microbial factors, of which more than half are the result of hidden urogenital infections, i.e. About 50% of prostatitis, according to its etiological factor, is a complication of STIs.
The problem of treating chronic urethroprostatitis due to STIs remains relevant, despite all the existing specific treatment methods. It is not always effective and safe and leads to the patient’s recovery.
In this connection, the purpose of this study was to assess the effectiveness and safety of the use of the drug geneferon in the treatment of patients with chronic urethroprostatitis due to STIs.
The study included 30 patients, aged from 18 to 55 years, with a disease duration of at least 6 months without concomitant organ pathology. Patients were divided into 2 groups depending on the treatment protocol.
The drug genferon was prescribed 1 suppository at a dose of 1,000,000 IU rectally 2 times a day for 10 days. All patients underwent: medical history, clinical examination, registration of concomitant therapy, bacteriological examination of the esophagus and three portions of urine (Mears and Stamey test), microscopic examination of the esophagus, PCR method for examining a smear from the urethra for the presence of sexually transmitted pathogens (chlamydia, mycoplasma) , ureaplasma, gardnerella). Assessment of symptoms of chronic prostatitis using the NIHCPSI scale.
Based on the treatment performed, the following results were obtained. All patients had 1 and 2 gr. During bacteriological examination of prostate secretions and three portions of urine before and after treatment, nonspecific flora was not detected or its presence was determined to be diagnostically insignificant <104 μ/ml. An exception was one patient of group 2, in whom bacteriological examination of prostate secretions before treatment revealed E. Colli in a titer exceeding normal values. After treatment, this indicator was within normal limits. According to the PCR reaction, in patients of both groups before treatment, in 100% of cases the presence of a mixed infection (ureaplasma, chlamydia, mycoplasma, gardnerella) is determined in varying percentages. After treatment, in 4 patients of the first group, a relapse of infection was determined (2 patients with ureaplasma; 1 with mycoplasma; 1 with gardnerella), which amounted to 26.6%, in contrast to patients in group 2, where no relapse of infection was observed. When assessing the clinical symptoms of chronic prostatitis using the NIHCPSI scale in patients 1 gr. after treatment, a less pronounced but present manifestation of some symptoms of chronic prostatitis (recurrent pain in the perineum, discomfort in the urethra) remains, in contrast to patients of group 2 who received the drug genferon. On average, the NIH-CPSI score before treatment in the first group was 17.6, and 5.6 one month after the end of therapy. In the group of patients who received geneferon: before treatment, 16.3, after therapy, 1.0.
Table 1 Treatment provided in study groups
| 1 group of patients (n=15) | Group 2 patients (n=15) |
| 1) Antibacterial (sumamed) 500 mg IV drop No. 3, then 500 mg. in tab. 1 tab. 1 time per day 6 days | 1) Antibacterial (sumamed) 500 mg IV drop No. 3, then 500 mg. in tab. 1 tab. 1 time per day 6 days |
| 2) Prostatotropic (prostacor) 5 mg IM once a day for 10 days | 2) Prostatotropic (prostacor) 5 mg IM once a day for 10 days |
| 3) Enzymatic (phlogenzyme). 2 tablets 3 times a day for 10 days | 3) Enzymatic (phlogenzyme) 2 tablets. 3 times a day 10 days |
| 4) Laser therapy in continuous mode for 10 days | 4) Laser therapy in continuous mode for 10 days |
| 5) Immunomodulatory (genferon) 1,000,000 IU rectal 2 times a day for 10 days |
Thus, the use of the drug genferon in the complex treatment of patients with chronic urethroprostatitis against the background of STIs makes it possible to increase the effectiveness of treatment of this pathology, which is manifested by the absence of relapse of STIs and normalization of clinical symptoms in a shorter period of time, i.e. absence of symptoms of chronic prostatitis after treatment.
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Prostatitis
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Genferon® (Genferon)
GENFERON® is a combination drug, the effect of which is determined by the components included in its composition. Has local and systemic effects.
The composition of the drug Genferon® includes recombinant human interferon alpha-2b, produced by a strain of the bacterium Escherichia coli, into which the human interferon alpha-2b gene was introduced using genetic engineering methods.
Interferon alpha-2b has antiviral, immunomodulatory, antiproliferative and antibacterial effects. The antiviral effect is mediated by the activation of a number of intracellular enzymes that inhibit viral replication. The immunomodulatory effect is manifested, first of all, by enhancing cell-mediated reactions of the immune system, which increases the effectiveness of the immune response against viruses, intracellular parasites and cells that have undergone tumor transformation. This is achieved through the activation of CD8+ T killer cells, NK cells (natural killer cells), increased differentiation of B lymphocytes and their production of antibodies, activation of the monocyte-macrophage system and phagocytosis, as well as increased expression of molecules of the major histocompatibility complex type I, which increases the likelihood recognition of infected cells by cells of the immune system. Activation under the influence of interferon of leukocytes contained in all layers of the mucous membrane ensures their active participation in the elimination of pathological foci; in addition, due to the influence of interferon, restoration of the production of secretory immunoglobulin A is achieved. The antibacterial effect is mediated by reactions of the immune system, enhanced under the influence of interferon.
Taurine helps normalize metabolic processes and tissue regeneration, has membrane-stabilizing and immunomodulatory effects. Being a strong antioxidant, taurine directly interacts with reactive oxygen species, the excessive accumulation of which contributes to the development of pathological processes. Taurine helps maintain the biological activity of interferon, enhancing the therapeutic effect of the drug.
Benzocaine (anesthetic) is a local anesthetic. Reduces the permeability of the cell membrane to sodium ions, displaces calcium ions from receptors located on the inner surface of the membrane, and blocks the conduction of nerve impulses. Prevents the occurrence of pain impulses at the endings of sensory nerves and their conduction along nerve fibers. It has an exclusively local effect, without being absorbed into the systemic circulation.
Genferon light supp 125 thousand IU N10 (OTISI)
Pharmaceutical group: Interferon. Immunomodulatory drug with antiviral effect. Pharmaceutical action: Immunomodulatory, antiviral, antibacterial, antiproliferative, regenerating. Immunobiological properties Genferon Light is a combination drug, the effect of which is determined by the components included in its composition. Has local and systemic effects. The composition of the drug Genferon Light includes recombinant human interferon alpha-2b, produced by a strain of the bacterium Escherichia coli, into which the human interferon alpha-2b gene was introduced using genetic engineering methods. Interferon alpha-2b has antiviral, immunomodulatory, antiproliferative and antibacterial effects. The antiviral effect is mediated by the activation of a number of intracellular enzymes that inhibit viral replication. The immunomodulatory effect is manifested, first of all, by enhancing cell-mediated reactions of the immune system, which increases the effectiveness of the immune response against viruses, intracellular parasites and cells that have undergone tumor transformation. This is achieved through the activation of CD8+ T killer cells, NK cells (natural killer cells), increased differentiation of B lymphocytes and their production of antibodies, activation of the monocyte-macrophage system and phagocytosis, as well as increased expression of molecules of the major histocompatibility complex type I, which increases the likelihood recognition of infected cells by cells of the immune system. Activation under the influence of interferon of leukocytes contained in all layers of the mucous membrane ensures their active participation in the elimination of pathological foci; in addition, due to the influence of interferon, restoration of the production of secretory immunoglobulin A is achieved. The antibacterial effect is mediated by reactions of the immune system, enhanced under the influence of interferon. Taurine helps normalize metabolic processes and tissue regeneration, has membrane-stabilizing and immunomodulatory effects. Being a strong antioxidant, taurine directly interacts with reactive oxygen species, the excessive accumulation of which contributes to the development of pathological processes. Taurine helps maintain the biological activity of interferon, enhancing the therapeutic effect of the drug. Pharmacokinetics: With rectal administration of the drug, high bioavailability (more than 80%) of interferon is observed, and therefore both local and pronounced systemic immunomodulatory effects are achieved; when used intravaginally, due to the high concentration at the site of infection and fixation on the cells of the vaginal mucosa, a pronounced local antiviral, antiproliferative and antibacterial effect is achieved, while the systemic effect due to the low absorption capacity of the vaginal mucosa is insignificant. Cmax of interferon in the blood serum is achieved 5 hours after administration of the drug. The main route of elimination is renal catabolism. T1/2 is 12 hours, which necessitates the use of the drug 2 times a day. When administered intranasally, due to the high concentration at the site of infection, a pronounced local antiviral and immunostimulating effect is achieved. Systemic absorption of the drug is insignificant - the low bioavailability of drugs when administered intranasally is associated with the functioning of a special family of proteins of 25 proteins that are part of the nasal mucosa and control the transport of all molecular and cellular objects that penetrate the mucosa. At the same time, a certain amount of the drug enters the systemic bloodstream, thereby achieving a systemic immunomodulatory effect.
