Folia Urticae - nettle leaves (Urticae folium - nettle leaf)

There are contraindications, consultation with a specialist is required

The benefits of nettle have been known for several thousand years: even in the works of Hippocrates, Dioscorides and Galen, the healing properties and use of nettle for medical, cosmetic and nutritional purposes were mentioned. This is a universal plant for promoting health, maintaining tone and improving mood. The herb is also used to nourish and enrich the body not only with vitamins, but also with proteins and carbohydrates, therefore the healing properties of nettle have found application in medicine, cooking and cosmetology as a popular product that helps in solving problems.

Useful properties of nettle

So what are the benefits of nettles? An infusion of this burning plant improves the functioning of the gastrointestinal tract and has a choleretic effect. Thanks to the large amount of plant protein and lectin, the herb has strong antitoxic properties, and the chlorophyll in its composition helps in healing wounds and strengthening the hair structure.

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Phytotherapy. General recommendations

Many are gradually coming to the conclusion that it is not safe to completely entrust their health to modern medicine. Relieving the symptoms of a disease with the help of chemicals with a huge number of side effects is fraught with health, which, on the contrary, one would like to improve.

Healing properties of nettle:

• normalization of lipid metabolism due to the presence of iron salts and vitamins;
• weight loss and acceleration of metabolism and, as a result, assistance in weight loss;
• pronounced hemostatic effect;
• choleretic and anti-inflammatory effects;
• improvement of lactation in lactating women;
• increased metabolism due to the content of large amounts of chlorophyll;
• normalization of cardiac and respiratory activity;
• maintaining vision due to the presence of vitamin A;
• the role of an antioxidant, as it contains a lot of vitamin C;
• protection and maintenance of immunity;
• lowering sugar levels and, consequently, helping people suffering from diabetes;
• hemostatic, wound healing, anti-inflammatory properties;
• treatment of anemia, as it increases hemoglobin;
• fight against various skin inflammations;
• hair care in the form of masks and lotions.

Contraindications

Main contraindications:

• Increased blood clotting;
• Predisposition to thrombosis;
• Peptic ulcer of the stomach or duodenum, occurring simultaneously with hyperacid gastritis;
• Bleeding in women caused by polyps, cysts or other tumors of the uterus or its appendages.

In addition, it is undesirable for people with atherosclerosis and hypertension to take nettle preparations, since they often have increased blood viscosity.

Chemical composition

If you ask the question “how is nettle useful for humans?”, then the first answer will be its chemical composition, because it contains a huge amount of microelements.

Nutritional value per 100 grams:

• proteins - 4 grams,
• fats - 0 grams,
• carbohydrates - 5 grams,
• calorie content - 24.8.

What vitamins are in nettle?

Since this herb is a multivitamin plant, its leaves contain twice as much ascorbic acid than blackcurrant, lemon or apple.

, and the carotene index is higher than in carrots. The plant contains vitamins A, C, group B

(B1, B2, B3), E and K, macro- and microelements. The presence of vitamin K is responsible for the hemostatic effect of stinging grass.

Also available:

• glycoside urticine, ergosterol, carotenoids, phytosterols;
• chlorophyll, violaxanthin;
• pantothenic, formic, silicon, gallic acids.

TESTS

Humidity

Whole raw materials, crushed raw materials, powder – no more than 14%.

Total ash

Whole raw materials, crushed raw materials, powder – no more than 20%.

Ash, insoluble in hydrochloric acid

Whole raw materials, crushed raw materials, powder – no more than 2%.

Raw material grinding

Whole raw materials: particles passing through a sieve with holes measuring 3 mm - no more than 5%. Crushed raw materials: particles that do not pass through a sieve with holes measuring 7 mm - no more than 5%; particles passing through a sieve with holes measuring 0.18 mm - no more than 5%. Powder: particles that do not pass through a sieve with holes measuring 2 mm - no more than 5%; particles passing through a sieve with holes measuring 0.18 mm - no more than 5%.

Foreign matter

Raw materials that have changed color (darkened and blackened)

Whole raw materials, crushed raw materials – no more than 5%.

Other parts of the plant (stems, inflorescences, etc.)

Whole raw materials, crushed raw materials – no more than 5%.

Organic impurity

Whole raw materials, crushed raw materials – no more than 2%.

In what form is it used?

The benefits of nettle for humans have long been known, so it is often used in the treatment of boils, acne, and also as a remedy for rheumatism and gout. To do this, it is recommended to use it in the form:

1. water infusion,
2. briquettes with crushed leaves,
3. liquid extract.

This herb grows everywhere in the northwest and central Russia, so collecting it yourself is not difficult for many residents of the country. Therefore, in times of famine, the healing properties of stinging nettle saved many people from vitamin deficiency. The main thing is to choose, collect or buy a plant from ecologically clean regions of Russia.

Important information! If you decide to collect the grass with your own hands, then know: it is best to use leaves that are collected from May to June for treatment. The collection must be dried in a uniform layer up to 5 cm thick.

You can use modern dryers, in which it is necessary to set the temperature to 50°. The shelf life of this product is two years. You can also dry nettle roots, which have beneficial qualities. The roots are collected and stored from late autumn to the first days of spring, the flowers of the plant - in the summer, and the seeds - from late summer to early autumn. To make nettle juice, you only need young shoots and stems before the inflorescences form.

Description

Stinging nettle is a perennial weed plant of the nettle family, 70-150 cm high.

The rhizome is long, creeping, branched.

Nettle stems are erect, tetrahedral, branching at the top.

The plant is covered with long, stinging and short simple hairs, which contain formic acid.

The leaves are opposite, petiolate, ovate-lanceolate, coarsely toothed along the edge, with free stipules 8-17 cm long, 2-8 cm wide. Covered with stinging hairs. Each adult plant is armed with approximately ten million stinging hairs.

The flowers are unisexual, small, yellow-green, with a simple, four-parted perianth, collected in spike-shaped hanging inflorescences, spikes emerging from the leaf axils.

The fruit is a small ovoid or elliptical nut of yellowish-gray color.

It blooms in June-September, the seeds ripen in September.

Spreading

Nettle
is distributed throughout the European part of Russia and Siberia.

Stinging nettle is widespread throughout the country. In the Caucasus, Central Asia.

Grows in fertile, moist soils, in shaded areas, ravines, near roads, near farms and housing. In cultivation, stinging nettle is the most promising.

Teberda Nature Reserve. In waste areas and areas where forest materials are harvested. It is especially abundant in areas of former cattle camps, 1300-2500 m above sea level. Everywhere.

About nettle in scientific research

• Studies conducted on rats have confirmed the anti-inflammatory effect of stinging nettle extract in a model of Alzheimer's disease. In a study, Gholam Hossein Riazi (Laboratory of Neuroorganic Chemistry, Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Tehran University in Iran) confirmed the antiproliferative effect in small cell lung cancer, which is characterized by high mortality.
• Wafa Siuda (Faculty of Biological Sciences, Badji Mokhtar Annab University) asked the question “why is nettle good for you?” and conducted a study on “Can stinging nettle supplementation reduce mercury toxicity in rats?” The results of his work clearly demonstrated the antitoxic effect.
• In 2013, V. Hadjashemi and Vahid Klushani wrote an article in a medical journal about the antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory effects of stinging nettle leaf extract when exposed to animals. Thanks to their work, it began to be used more often as a traditional remedy for musculoskeletal pain and rheumatism.
• In 2021, Rahila Qayyum (Faculty of Pharmacy, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Pakistan) conducted a study on the mechanisms underlying the antihypertensive properties of stinging nettle.
• The extract is effective as an antioxidant in the adjuvant therapy of type II diabetes mellitus and helps minimize the risk of developing cardiovascular diseases and other complications in patients with diabetes mellitus. This was published by Alidad Amiri Behzadi from the Young Researchers and Elite Club of the Islamic Azad University of Iran, “Effects of stinging nettle supplementation on blood lipids, liver enzymes and nitric oxide levels in patients with type II diabetes mellitus: a double randomized clinical trial.”
• In 2021, Karama Zuari Bouasida wrote an article on the topic “Study on the hemostatic and wound healing potential of stinging nettle leaves.”
• The antibacterial activity of stinging nettle was studied in 2014 by Professor of the Faculty of Biology Hossein Motamedi from Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz.
• Nettle has traditionally been used to treat cardiovascular ailments, especially hypertension. Animal studies have confirmed the antihypertensive effect attributable to calcium channel blockade and NO-mediated vasorelaxation. Rohit Bisht from the Department of Pharmacology at ISF College of Pharmacy in Punjab, India, has released a study on this topic.

Uses of nettle

The wide range of medicinal properties of nettle allows it to be used as a remedy for many diseases, as well as in cooking and cosmetology.

In official medicine

It has been known as a medicine since the 17th century, but the healing properties of nettle and its use for humans have also been proven by modern medical research, so it is actively used:

• in the treatment of gastrointestinal diseases (ulcers, gastritis, colitis);
• with anemia;
• as an antihemorrhagic agent;
• against pulmonary, uterine and other bleeding.

Among the medicinal properties of nettle are increasing blood clotting and hemoglobin, stimulating erythropoiesis and increasing the number of platelets in the blood. The herb increases prothrombin levels when anticoagulants are administered in excess and produces a vasoconstrictor effect. Nettle-based drugs sold in pharmacies have choleretic, anthelmintic, diuretic, anti-inflammatory, and expectorant effects. They are also used for diabetes.

For women's health

Nettle can bring both benefit and harm to women, therefore, the fair sex should be careful. While it will help nursing mothers improve milk production for the baby, it can be dangerous for pregnant women, as it greatly increases the tone of the uterine muscles and can lead to miscarriage.

But during childbirth, it can help women in labor with bleeding disorders and blood loss, and promote rapid and painless contraction of the uterus after childbirth. Therefore, the question “is nettle good for pregnant women?” While it remains open, be sure to consult a physician before use.

In general, the plant is widely used for an analgesic effect and as a hemostatic agent, therefore it will be effective for various gynecological ailments: uterine bleeding and for normalizing menstrual cycles.

For men's health

Sometimes you can hear the question “how is nettle useful for men?”, and the answer is simple: to strengthen male potency. The herb has a beneficial effect on the reproductive system and helps in the treatment of prostate adenoma. The herb is used as a general tonic and prophylactic; all components of the plant can be used - seeds, roots, leaves. Traditionally, the duration of treatment is four weeks. Also, herbs can be supplemented with the main course of treatment with medications, but this is only permitted in consultation with a doctor. Independent actions can lead to adverse consequences from other body systems.

In folk medicine

Nettle has long been used in folk medicine:

• as a diuretic herb in the treatment of edema syndrome;
• for diseases of the kidneys, liver and biliary tract (constipation, cholecystitis, nephritis, pyelonephritis);
• in the treatment of gout, iron deficiency anemia and polyarthritis;
• for atherosclerosis, bronchial asthma, whooping cough;
• during hypertension and even during cancer treatment.

The seeds can help women with infertility and men with impotence. To do this, nettle seeds need to be mixed with a softened banana and eaten every day. Freshly squeezed juice from the leaves is recommended for the treatment of osteomyelitis and for problems with digestion of food, as well as for large amounts of salts in the joints. The leaves are brewed and consumed to strengthen the immune system during colds and flu.

It is useful for poor appetite, gastritis, enterocolitis, pathology of the cardiovascular system, in particular for heart failure of I and II degrees, tachycardia. Plus, it helps restore the sense of smell when it is lost or sensitivity decreases. Powder of sun-dried leaves is used to treat ulcers and ulcers.

What are the benefits of nettle infusion?

A strong infusion of leaves is an excellent remedy for ulcers, burns and small wounds. It is actively used to strengthen hair when it is dry and brittle, as well as to treat dandruff. Recipe: Pour warm water over the chopped nettles, making sure to leave some room for fermentation. Cover the container with a lid, a board or wrap it in burlap and place in a warm place for 7–14 days.

What are the benefits of nettle decoction?

Taking the decoction a few days before the start of the menstrual cycle helps reduce the amount of blood loss in women. Nettle decoction is also useful for patients with diabetes, but for a healing effect you need to know how to brew fresh nettle correctly. We offer the following option. Cooking recipe: mix 2 tbsp. tablespoons of dried nettle and mint leaves, add 3 liters of water and cook for 3 minutes. Leave for about half an hour and filter. You can add honey to the broth.

What are the benefits of nettle roots?

A decoction of the roots can be drunk as a gastrointestinal cleanser for acne, boils, and skin rashes. Recipe: Pour 15 grams of dry plant roots with a glass of boiling water. Boil for 5 minutes, remove from heat, let cool for half an hour.

In cooking and dietetics

In cooking, nettle leaves, seeds and roots are popular in the preparation of salads and first courses (pickle soup, borscht), they are also added to sauces, fillings for pies, plus salted and fermented for the winter. To reduce the pungency, the leaves are treated with boiling water. Young, tender inflorescences are added to tea and dried for the winter. In hot dishes, nettles should be added a couple of minutes before they are ready; in cold dishes, first rinse, put in boiling water and cook for two minutes, rinse with cold water, and only then can you cut - then you won’t get burned. Often adding recipes with nettle to the menu, you can reduce weight, because 100 grams of this herb contains only 24.8 calories.

Important information! If you eat untreated leaves often and a lot, flatulence will occur.

Nettle tea

For a simple and vitamin-packed nettle tea recipe, take:

• nettle leaves,
• dog-rose fruit,
• thyme.

Pour one tablespoon of each ingredient into two glasses of hot water into a container. Allow the finished product to stand for two hours, then drink as regular tea. Another advantage of this tea is that there is no need to waste time preparing the decoction.

Nettle cabbage soup

Well-known in our country, nettle cabbage soup has become a calling card in many regions. We offer a healthy, tasty and simple recipe for cabbage soup made from nettle leaves. The following products will be required:

• 1 onion and 3 potatoes,
• 3 tbsp. l. vegetable oil,
• 1 liter of broth,
• 200 grams of nettles,
• iceberg lettuce, salt, black pepper.

Peel the onion and finely chop it. Heat the vegetable oil, add the onion and, stirring continuously, fry over low heat for a couple of minutes. Peel the potatoes, cut into cubes and add to the onion. Then add broth or water and cook for 20 minutes. Gently rinse the stinging nettle leaves with cold water. Remove the rough parts and finely chop the rest. Add to the rest of the ingredients and cook for about one minute so that the vitamins remain intact. Remove the soup from the heat and thoroughly puree it with an immersion blender; if necessary, add salt and spices again. Finely chop the iceberg lettuce and add to the hot cabbage soup, let the soup brew for 5 minutes and serve.

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Young nettle cabbage soup

Nettle and tofu salad

By adding nettle leaves to salads, you can provide your diet with an additional source of protein and microelements, but do not forget to pour boiling water over them to remove the sting. You will need tofu, any herbs, sour cream, garlic, salt to taste.

1. Cut the tofu into cubes and fry in a dry frying pan.
2. Add the prepared chopped nettle to the tofu.
3. Wash greens (parsley, spinach, dill), dry, chop.
4. Chop the peeled garlic.
5. Season with olive, sunflower or sesame oil.
6. Salt and pepper to taste. It is important to serve the salad immediately, otherwise the processed greens will quickly lose their appearance.

How to eat properly

Nettle leaves to food a couple of minutes before serving the dish.

Nettle soup

We take:

• 1.5 kg of potatoes;
• 300 ml 15% cream;
• 0.5 l of milk;
• a bunch of May nettles ;
• a little grated cheese;
• pepper and salt;
• 2 tablespoons butter.

The soup is prepared like this:

1. Cook the potatoes;
2. Drain the salted water from the container and dry the tubers;
3. Pour some olive oil into a frying pan and add nettle leaves . Fry them for 10 minutes;
4. Mash the potatoes until pureed and place on low heat;
5. Add a little butter to the puree, pour in all the cream and milk. Mix everything;
6. Add nettle leaves and mix everything together;
7. Grind the resulting composition using a blender or other kitchen appliance;
8. The soup is served hot. You can add grated cheese or a spoonful of thick sour cream to it.

Watch the video! Nettle soup

Nettle for hair growth and scalp care

In cosmetology, it is widely known as the best helper for hair loss. The author of the medieval medico-pharmacological treatise in Latin verse “On the Powers of Herbs” mentioned it as an effective remedy for hair growth and strengthening. There are many cosmetic recipes using nettle decoction; modern manufacturers make products based on this hot plant, but we still offer recipes so that you can independently make home cosmetic procedures for the health and beauty of your hair.

• To stimulate growth and shine: take 100 grams of leaves, finely chop, add 0.5 cups of vinegar, 0.5 cups of water. The mass must be boiled for half an hour, then cooled and rubbed into the scalp 2-3 times a week.
• Mask for growth: add pharmacy vitamin E capsules to nettle juice. This mask will help well for the growth and strengthening of curls. It is recommended to rub it into the roots once a week for best results.
• Mask for oily hair: take fresh nettle and grind it in a blender. You need to add a teaspoon of salt to the resulting mixture. The resulting paste should be applied to the hair and rubbed in gently. Then you need to wrap your head in plastic and wrap it in a towel. After 20 minutes, wash off. This mask can be applied no more than twice a week.
• For a general strengthening effect: take 1 tsp. dried nettle leaves, 1 tsp. sage, 1 tbsp. l. dried chamomile flowers and 2 glasses of water. Boil water, place the herbs in a mug or jar and fill it all with hot water. Cover with a lid and let steep until the broth has cooled. After this, strain the infusion through cheesecloth and use while showering or after.
• To combat early gray hair or seborrheic disease: take 100 grams of leaves, chop and boil in one glass of water. You can rinse your hair with this infusion 3-4 times a week.
• For lightening hair. A suitable option for blondes. To obtain a brightening effect, brew nettle leaves and chamomile flowers mixed in equal proportions. Then strain the infusion and rinse your hair with it. Next, wrap the wet curls in a bag or plastic wrap and a towel for 60 minutes. Afterwards, rinse your hair again with the remnants of the cooled infusion.
• Scalp scrub. You need to grind rye bran and nettles in a blender. Add finely ground salt (extra) to the mixture. Then use the mass to cleanse the skin of sebaceous secretions and dandruff once a week.
• Revitalizing mask. Take 1 cup of crushed nettle leaves, 50 g of yeast, 3 tbsp. l. honey and vegetable oil. Mix everything and stir for a long time until smooth. The mask is designed for only 30 minutes, then rinse your hair thoroughly with water and be sure to use shampoo.

References:

1. Nettle (genus of plants) // Great Soviet Encyclopedia M.: Soviet Encyclopedia, 1969-1978.
2. Lavrenova G.V., Lavrenov V. Encyclopedia of medicinal plants.
3. Yuri Konstantinov “Nettle. A unique natural medicine."
4. Daria Veryasova "Nettle". Ivan Dubrovin “All about ordinary nettles.”
5. I. P. Neumyvakin “Nettle: myths and reality”, 2021.
6. Akhmetov R.B. “Overcome the grass.”
7. Polevaya M. A. "St. John's wort and nettle - natural power."