Choleretic drugs are often perceived by consumers as light health-improving drugs. But in fact, things are much more complicated - such drugs seriously affect the functioning of the gastrointestinal tract and experimenting with them may be unsafe for health. That is why it is important for the pharmacy worker at the first table to have a clear understanding of how choleretic drugs work and to be able to convey information to the consumer in a simple and understandable form. Let's look at everything in order - from physiological basics to specific questions that should be asked to a pharmacy visitor during a consultation.
Pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics
Pharmacodynamics
The plant components of the collection have choleretic, antispasmodic and anti-inflammatory effects. The rich composition and versatile action allows the collection to be used for various concomitant diseases of the gastrointestinal tract.
Menthol is the main component of peppermint oil, has a choleretic effect and enhances intestinal motility.
Yarrow herb has a choleretic, anti-inflammatory, antispasmodic effect, and also enhances the secretion of gastric juice.
Marigold flowers have pronounced bactericidal properties, they are used as an antispasmodic, promote increased bile formation and secretion, and enhance the secretion of gastric juice.
Chamomile flowers are known for their antiseptic and anti-inflammatory effects and are used for flatulence, diarrhea , gastritis with low acidity, colitis and intestinal spasms.
Tansy flowers have a choleretic and antispasmodic effect, improve appetite and digestion. It is used for gastritis with low acidity, diarrhea , intestinal inflammation and flatulence .
Pharmacokinetics
Data not provided.
How to determine if there is stagnation of bile?
Bile is needed to digest food. But when it stagnates, the work of not only the stomach, intestines, liver, but also many other internal organs and systems is disrupted.
This manifests itself as follows:
- dull pain in the right hypochondrium;
- frequent belching;
- heaviness after eating;
- dark urine and light feces;
- constipation or diarrhea;
- bad breath;
- fatigue, drowsiness;
- bitterness in the mouth;
- skin itching.
There are a number of diagnostic techniques with which the doctor will accurately determine the cause of poor digestion. He will decide what to do for the outflow of bile - use medicinal herbs or take pills.
Choleretic collection No. 3, instructions for use (Method and dosage)
The decoction is taken orally 1/3-1/2 cup three times a day 40 minutes before meals. The course of treatment is up to 4 weeks. To prepare the infusion, take 2 tbsp. spoons of raw materials per 200 ml of hot water. In an enamel bowl, heat in a water bath for 15-20 minutes, then leave for 35-45 minutes. The raw materials are squeezed out, the infusion is brought to a volume of 200 ml with water. The prepared infusion must be shaken before each use. It has a bitter taste, slightly astringent.
Two filter bags are poured with 100 ml of boiling water and left for 15-20 minutes. For better extraction, press the bags several times with a spoon. After squeezing them, the volume of infusion is adjusted to 100 ml with water. Take 0.5 cups three times a day before meals.
Properties of choleretic herbs
Plants that promote the outflow of bile are almost no different in their mechanism of action from pharmacological drugs. But there is a difference between them, and quite significant. The fact is that leaves, fruits, flowers, roots contain many biologically active substances.
And they exhibit a variety of effects:
- stop inflammatory processes;
- eliminate pain of any localization;
- stimulate increased appetite;
- prevent increased gas formation;
- help cleanse organs and tissues of toxic substances;
- activate metabolism and restoration of damaged tissues;
- block free radicals that destroy healthy cells.
In combination, beneficial organic compounds normalize the activity of all organs that take part in digestion. This becomes an excellent prevention of the development of diseases, including those affecting the liver and gall bladder.
Analogs
Level 4 ATC code matches:
Berberine
Oxafenamide
Cyqualon
Olimethine
Choleretic collection No. 2
Dandelion roots
Holosas
Gepabene
Holenzym
Holagol
Artichol
Holyver
Artichoke extract
Flamin
Tykveol
Odeston
Tanacehol
Allohol
Rose hips , Corn silk , Choleretic mixtures No. 1 and 2 , Kholosas , Holagogum , Curepar , Kholagol , Gepabene , Flamin , Fumetere .
Restrictions and contraindications
Herbal medicine is not carried out in case of individual intolerance to the plant, during pregnancy and breastfeeding.
The use of any plants is prohibited under 12 years of age, unless they are part of special children's fees. People with a predisposition to developing allergic reactions should be careful.
An absolute contraindication is cholelithiasis. The use of infusions with a hepatic-choleretic effect will provoke the passage of the stone. If it is large, then there is a high probability of damage and even rupture of the bile duct, opening internal bleeding.
Reviews of choleretic collection No. 3
Herbal medicine is widely used in the treatment of gastrointestinal . This collection is also called Phytohepatol , which indicates its targeted effect on the liver and biliary system.
Patients respond positively to herbal preparations, and some prefer herbal medicine to pharmaceutical drugs. However, we must remember that it is not always possible to get by only with herbs and often they come as an addition to the main drug treatment. This depends on the severity of the disease and the severity of symptoms. Which choleretic preparation to choose, since there are three of them? This depends on concomitant gastrointestinal , as well as the acidity of gastric juice and the type of biliary dyskinesia .
Medicinal plants are divided into choleretics (increase bile secretion) and cholekinetics (stimulate bile secretion by increasing contraction of the gallbladder).
The first group includes: immortelle flowers, corn silk, tansy, peppermint, elecampane root, yarrow, dandelion root, centaury herb. This group of herbs is taken in the treatment of cholecystitis and associated constipation . Contraindicated in case of cholelithiasis , blockage of the excretory ducts.
The second group includes: calendula, hawthorn flowers, barberry fruits and bark, smoke herb, chicory root, cornflower flowers, rose hips, dill and caraway seeds, lavender, lemon balm. Cholekinetics are indicated for the hypotonic form of dyskinesia , when there is atony of the gallbladder and stagnation of bile, as well as with reduced acidity of gastric juice. Contraindicated for gallstones, acute liver diseases, and exacerbation of hyperacid gastritis .
Collection No. 1 contains immortelle flowers, trefoil leaves, mint leaves, coriander fruits. In this collection, three-leaf watch, due to the presence of bitterness, stimulates the function of the entire digestive tract - the secretion of gastric juice, enzymes and bile. Has a laxative and antiseptic effect. Helichrysum also has the same stimulating effect on the digestive tract, which is effective in the treatment of concomitant colitis and constipation.
In addition to immortelle, mint and coriander (as in the previous one), composition No. 2 includes yarrow. This collection greatly increases the secretion of bile, and the fruits of coriander and yarrow will eliminate constipation.
Choleretic composition No. 3 additionally contains tansy flowers, which increase the acidity of gastric juice, calendula and chamomile, which have a pronounced anti-inflammatory effect. Therefore, it will be effective for inflammation of not only the gallbladder, but also the intestines, as well as gastritis with low acidity and a tendency to diarrhea .
Herbal medicine courses are carried out for a long time (sometimes up to 2–3 months) and are repeated 3–4 times a year. It is necessary to observe the principle of expanding and adding herbs in collections, taking into account the individual tolerance of herbs and the presence of concomitant diseases. If the preparations are selected without taking into account the acidity of the gastric juice (and many have not determined it and do not know it), then in the presence of increased acidity , which will be stimulated even more, heartburn may appear. In most cases, in the absence of allergies, herbal infusions are well tolerated. Many patients note the effectiveness, natural composition and reasonable price.
- “... Not an expensive, effective natural remedy. It always helps me during an exacerbation.”
- “...Pain, heaviness in the right side and discomfort are significantly reduced after 2 days of use.”
- “... In the spring, chronic cholecystitis constantly worsens and I always take this composition. It suits me and doesn’t cause heartburn.”
- “... For mild exacerbations of cholecystitis, I always make do with these herbs. They help a lot."
Why is bile needed?
TANACECHOL® tablets
herbal choleretic drug
It is used as a choleretic and antispasmodic agent for:
- chronic noncalculous cholecystitis
- hypomotor type biliary dyskinesia
- postcholecystectomy syndrome
ADVANTAGES:
- choleretic effect combined with antispasmodic effect
- affordable price
There are contraindications. Specialist consultation required
Bile is produced in the liver by hepatocytes, then accumulates in the gallbladder and is excreted through the common bile duct into the duodenum along with pancreatic secretions. That is, the gallbladder acts as a reservoir and transfers bile to the duodenum.
The chemical composition of bile is represented mainly by bile acids. The composition of bile “in numbers” looks like this:
- bile acids - 35.0 mmol/l;
- bile pigments - 0.8–1.0 mmol/l;
- cholesterol ~ 3.0 mmol/l;
- phospholipids - 1.0 mmol/l.
About 22% of bile is phospholipids. In addition, bile contains proteins (immunoglobulins A and M) - 4.5%, cholesterol - 4%, bilirubin - 0.3%, mucus, organic anions (glutathione and plant steroids), metals (copper, zinc, lead, indium, magnesium, mercury, etc.), as well as lipophilic xenobiotics [1].
The synthesis of these substances occurs during the breakdown of cholesterol and its removal from the human body.
Bile performs two important functions in the body:
- removal from the body of lipophilic components that cannot be excreted by the kidneys in the urine;
- secretion of bile acids, which are involved in the digestion of dietary fat and the absorption of its hydrolysis products.
In addition, bile acids found in bile improve intestinal motility, which naturally prevents constipation. Bile acids also have antiseptic properties and reduce the risk of intestinal infections [2]. Thanks to bile, toxins are removed from the body. In general, any failure in bile transit can cause a lot of trouble. Most often this is:
- nausea;
- pain after eating;
- repeated moderate pain localized in the epigastrium;
- vomit.
What should a pharmacist know?
First of all, which choleretic drugs have a stimulating mechanism of action, which have a contractile mechanism. Depending on the leading mechanism of action, choleretic agents are divided into:
- Choleretics - drugs that enhance bile production;
- cholekinetics - stimulating the flow of bile from the gallbladder into the intestines.
Price, where to buy
You can purchase the collection at any pharmacy. The price of choleretic collection No. 3 in packs of 50 g ranges from 57-73 rubles, the price of raw materials in filter bags is 38-71 rubles.
- Online pharmacies in RussiaRussia
ZdravCity
- Phytohepatol (Cholagogue collection No. 3) PharmaColor 2g filter pack.
20 pcs. JSC Krasnogorskleksredstva 96 rub. order
Sources
- Gadzhieva N.N., Faradzhev S.A., Makhmudzade F.M. Radionuclear, microelement composition and radiation sterilization of the harmala Peganum Harmala of Absheron - International scientific journal alternative energy and ecology 2009, 7, 120-125.
- Karomatov I.D. Glossary reference book on oriental medicine and alternative methods of diagnosis and treatment for general practitioners - Tashkent, Fan, 2010, 284 p.
- Budantsev A.L. Plant resources of Russia: Wild flowering plants, their component composition and biological activity. T. 5. Family Asteraceae (Compositae). Part 2. genera Echinops -Youngia. St. Petersburg; M.: Partnership scientific. ed. KMK, 2013. 312 p.
- Gupta SD Chemical investigation on Picris hieracioides Linn. and Phaylopsis parviflora Willd. // J. Indian Chem. Soc. 1973.Vol. 50. 8. P. 556.
- Journal of Ethnopharmacology. Volume 107, Issue 3, October 11, 2006, pages 313-323. Taraxacum – an overview of its phytochemical and pharmacological profile, Katrin Schütz Reinhold Karle Andreas Schieber.
Can it be taken together with other choleretic medications?
Complex treatment of congestion is aimed at removing bile and includes traditional medicines, choleretic preparations, and a therapeutic diet (table No. 5).
Medicines have a narrowly targeted mechanism of action, for example:
- stimulate the production of bile by the liver (Allohol, Cholamin);
- enhance the functioning of the gallbladder (Xylitol, Holosas);
- dilate the bile ducts, relieve spasms (Papaverine, No-shpa, Besalol).
The herbs included in medicinal mixtures 1-3, on the contrary, have a wide spectrum of action and enhance the effectiveness of each other and the tablets. They have a minimum of side effects and contraindications, therefore they are an important component of therapy for bile stagnation. However, you must inform your doctor about taking any medications.
