Release form
These are white or yellowish tablets. Their shape, the presence of chamfers and scratches depend on the dosage. Teturama tablets are available with different masses of the active substance:
- 100 mg,
- 150 mg,
- 200,
- 250 mg.
They are packaged in blisters, glass jars, and plastic bottles. In addition to the active component, the tablets contain excipients necessary for forming and storing the product:
- calcium stearate,
- silica,
- potato starch.
As auxiliary ingredients, the most neutral compounds are used that do not cause allergies and do not interact with the molecules of the product.
Teturama effect
When carrying out a provocation, the effect of teturam will be a temporary deterioration in the patient’s condition. In case of a weak reaction, the dose of alcohol is increased in increments of 10-20 ml. The body’s physiological reaction to alcohol intake will be developed only during the course of Teturam. The main objective of the course is to develop a stable rejection of alcohol at the psycho-emotional level.
You should not greatly exceed the daily dose of Teturam without the knowledge of your doctor; overdose is possible. Its symptoms are collapse, cognitive distortions, etc. In this case, inpatient treatment in a clinic is required.
Taking Teturam for more than 1 year can cause side effects - allergies and mental disorders.
Compound
The main active ingredient of Teturam is disulfiram. In addition, stearic acid, aerosil, and potato starch are included as secondary substances. Teturam tablets are available in packs of 30 or 50 pieces.
Operating principle of Teturam
When using the product, it reduces the activity of a special substance - acetaldehyde dehydrogenase. Because of this, ethanol cannot be absorbed normally, and when it enters the blood, it decomposes to form a large amount of acetaldehyde. This leads to the development of symptoms of acute poisoning:
- severe nausea and frequent vomiting,
- hypotension, rapid pulse,
- severe redness of the face,
- feeling hot and generally feeling unwell.
Thus, during treatment, drinking alcohol becomes impossible.
Metabolism Teturama
The substance is absorbed in the digestive tract almost completely, absorbed from 70 to 90%. Disulfiram is a fat-soluble substance, so it can accumulate in fat-storing tissues. The main chemical transformations take place in the liver, where the drug exerts its pharmacological effect. Although its maximum concentration in the blood is recorded 4 hours after drinking the tablet, a pronounced effect occurs on the 3rd day of taking the drug. Metabolites of the drug are excreted in urine and feces, the half-life is about 10 hours. But due to the ability to be deposited in tissues, the effect of the tablets is observed for about 1-2 weeks after stopping use.
Application and effect of Teturam
Self-administration of the drug is not recommended; an initial consultation with a specialist is required, as there are a number of contraindications and side effects.
Tablets are taken orally or implanted under the skin.
The daily dose of Teturam is up to 0.5 g. After the first week of taking the drug, a so-called provocation of the action of Teturam . After taking the drug daily, the patient is given up to 30 ml of alcoholic beverage. This is how a reflexive rejection of alcohol-containing products is developed.
Indications for use
Teturam can only be purchased with a doctor’s prescription, which is issued after examination and determination of the entire complex of therapy. The drug is used for:
- treatment of alcoholism of any stage;
- preventing breakdowns after completion of the main course of therapy,
- relief of symptoms of poisoning with small doses of nickel (specific, often occupational intoxication), which is relatively rare in clinical practice.
Encoding with Teturam is possible only after the person’s informed consent. In this case, the doctor is obliged to tell in an accessible form not only the expected effect of the drug, but also familiarize the person with the list of contraindications and possible side effects.
The use of Teturam has many limitations
Firstly, this coding option has many contraindications. Teturam tablets should not be used in case of hypersensitivity to the components of the drug, thyrotoxicosis, tuberculosis, kidney disease, diabetes mellitus, pregnancy, lactation, glaucoma, epilepsy and many other diseases.
Secondly, coding using pills will only work when the patient has a negligible risk of relapse, when he himself wants to be cured and does everything for this, when he is confident that he can take pills every day without skipping. Only in this case will coding bring a positive result. If there is a risk of future breakdowns, it is better to choose injections or stitching.
Contraindications
Since the drug is potent, and the consequences after drinking alcohol are quite severe, the list of contraindications for coding with Teturam includes:
- open form of tuberculosis, pulmonary hemorrhage;
- heart disease in the acute stage - angina pectoris, heart attack or a high risk of its development, hypertension of degree 2 and higher, compensated and decompensated heart failure;
- vascular diseases - atherosclerosis of the arteries of the heart and brain, aneurysm of the aorta and other vessels;
- peptic ulcer of the stomach or intestines in the acute stage;
- bleeding from any part of the digestive system;
- hepatic cell failure – in acute hepatitis, fibrosis or cirrhosis;
- mental and nervous disorders, including epilepsy;
- meningitis, encephalitis of any etiology;
- malignant tumors of any location;
- glaucoma – increased pressure in the eyeball;
- state of intoxication or acute alcohol poisoning.
Also, the drug is not prescribed to pregnant and lactating women, as well as to adolescents.
Rules of application
Due to such a large list of contraindications, a full medical examination is carried out before prescribing the drug. It is necessary, since chronic alcoholism very often develops various pathologies. Before encoding with Teturam, you need to wait until all manifestations of withdrawal symptoms have completely disappeared. If a person has taken any psychotropic drugs (neuroleptics, antidepressants, sleeping pills or tranquilizers), then they are canceled 2-3 days before disulfiram is prescribed. The standard Teturam encoding course consists of the following stages:
- They give 150-500 mg. means twice a day,
- After 7-10 days of use, an alcohol test is performed. To do this, the patient orally takes 30 ml of alcohol of 40% concentration. For mild negative effects, another 10-20 ml may be given.
- After 2 days, a second test is carried out. To carry it out, a person is temporarily admitted to the hospital in order to quickly provide assistance in case of a severe reaction to ethanol.
- The last third test is done after another 5 days. By this time the patient has already been discharged.
Based on the test results, the doctor may increase or decrease the dosage of the drug. While treatment of alcoholism with Teturam continues, the patient should not drive a car or carry out any activity that requires quick reaction and attention. To prevent breakdowns, maintenance therapy may be prescribed. For this, Teturam is taken in a dose of 150-200 mg. (1 tablet) per day. With awareness and compliance with medical recommendations, this helps a person to abstain from alcohol for a long time, until he finally stops feeling the craving for vodka.
Application of Teturama
Teturam is used for coding against alcohol dependence. The principle of action is as follows: the liver contains a special enzyme - acetaldehyde dehydrogenase. The name, of course, can be tongue-tied, but the point of the enzyme is that it removes acetaldehyde, the most dangerous component of alcohol. It is thanks to this enzyme that alcohol is absorbed by the body, successfully processed and excreted.
The use of Teturam is precisely based on blocking this enzyme. Yes, when taking Teturam, the body will not be able to process alcohol. What will happen with the next portion of alcohol? Severe alcohol poisoning will occur, the patient will begin to feel sick, vomiting, fever, and blood will rush to the face. If a person tries to drink even more, partial loss of vision and hearing and difficulty breathing may occur. In isolated cases there is a risk of death, but this is only possible with a large portion of alcohol.
Undoubtedly, the Teturam instructions immediately make us understand that such coding is quite radical and leads to very unpleasant sensations for the body. However, it is precisely this option that quickly changes the attitude towards alcohol. When, instead of pleasant intoxication, a person receives a sea of painful sensations similar to a severe hangover, he develops an aversion to alcohol. Adding to the effect is the fear that the reaction could be even worse. As a result, the drug works great, which is confirmed by numerous positive reviews of Teturam.
In the case of this drug, the most popular form is Teturam tablets, they are available at 150 mg each for daily oral administration. There is another option for Teturam coding - binder, but it is not currently used. During stitching, the doctor placed 8 100 mg tablets around the incision in a cross pattern. However, today Teturam tablets are used for oral administration, and they show excellent results.
Side effects of Teturam
They are not found in all patients. Tell your doctor if:
- metallic taste on the tongue,
- memory impairment,
- increased frequency of headache episodes,
- weight loss,
- the appearance of nervous and mental disorders, in particular cases of disorientation,
- allergies in the form of a rash.
If a patient, during treatment with Teturam, loses his temper and drinks alcohol-containing drinks, he increases the risk of developing:
- heart attack,
- an attack of arrhythmia or angina pectoris,
- a sharp decrease in pressure with the development of shock,
- cerebral hemorrhages,
- cerebral edema,
- respiratory failure.
If more than 50 ml is drunk. vodka or other strong drink, convulsions and heart failure may occur. If a breakdown occurs, immediate hospitalization is needed. Only in a hospital setting will it be possible to quickly detoxify and cope with breathing problems. Taking Teturam is certainly associated with some risks, but side effects are probable, and not mandatory, consequences of treatment. And with continued alcoholism, concomitant diseases will certainly develop and sooner or later lead to death.
Instructions for use Teturam
The doctor prescribes the schedule for taking Teturam tablets and the dosage strictly individually, and before starting to take the tablets, the patient is necessarily warned about the possible consequences. Also, the doctor must find out whether the patient has any contraindications that would make it impossible to take this drug. The fact is that the use of Teturam has a very wide range of contraindications, which must be taken into account with this coding option.
So, the doctor individually prescribes the daily dosage. Teturam instructions for use state that it can vary from 150 to 500 mg 2 times a day. About a week after the start of coding, the doctor should conduct a tetra-alcohol test. To do this, the patient drinks 500 mg of the drug, and then drinks 20-30 ml of undiluted vodka. After receiving the test results, the doctor adjusts the dosage. After stopping the drug, the patient can continue the course, using a maintenance dose of 150 mg per day for several years. This is Teturam's instruction.
Literature:
- Methods of psychotherapy for drug addicted patients / I. D. Darensky. — Moscow: Sputnik+ Company, 2007. — 414 p.
- Lectures on pharmacology for doctors and pharmacists: a textbook for medical universities / A. I. Vengerovsky. — [3rd ed., revised. and additional]. - Moscow: Physics and Mathematics Literature, 2007. - 702 p.
- A short reference book on psychopharmacology, pharmacotherapy and mental pathology / Kozlovsky, Vladimir Leonidovich / St. Petersburg: SpetsLit, 2015.
The text was checked by expert doctors: Head of the socio-psychological service of the Alkoklinik MC, psychologist Yu.P. Baranova, L.A. Serova, a psychiatrist-narcologist.
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