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Piracezin - a drug to improve blood circulation and memory

Piracezin is a combined (piracetam + cinnarizine) nootropic drug with a pronounced antihypoxic and vasodilating effect, improving cerebral circulation and cerebral metabolism.

Piracetam belongs to the class of nootropic substances that have a positive effect on the metabolic processes of the brain. It increases the concentration of ATP in brain tissue, enhances the biosynthesis of ribonucleic acid and phospholipids, stimulates glycolytic processes, and enhances glucose utilization. Piracetam improves the integrative activity of the brain, promotes memory consolidation, has a protective effect in various forms of cerebral hypoxia, and facilitates the learning process.

Piracetam is well absorbed when taken orally. When introduced into the body, it penetrates into various organs and tissues, including brain tissue. Practically not metabolized. Excreted through the kidneys. It is slightly toxic (in acute experiments on animals, the lethal dose exceeds 10 g/kg when administered intravenously).

Piracetam is indicated for the treatment of cortical myoclonus as mono- or complex therapy, complex therapy of sickle cell anemia.

In neurological practice, piracetam is used to treat neurological, intellectual-mnestic and emotional-volitional disorders in patients with cerebral infarction, traumatic brain injury, dyscirculatory and post-traumatic encephalopathy, and consequences of stroke.

In pediatric practice, piracetam is used when necessary to accelerate the learning process and eliminate the consequences of perinatal brain damage caused by intrauterine infection, hypoxia, birth trauma, mental retardation, mental retardation, and cerebral palsy.

In psychiatric practice, piracetam is used for neurotic and asthenic depressive states of various origins with a predominance in the clinical picture of signs of adynamia, asthenic syndrome, organic syndromes with impaired memory and attention.

In chronic alcoholism, piracetam is prescribed to reduce the phenomena of asthenia, intellectual-mnestic and other mental disorders.

Cinnarizine improves cerebral, peripheral and coronary circulation and microcirculation, increases the ability of red blood cells to deform, reduces high blood viscosity and increases tissue resistance to hypoxia.

It also has a direct antispasmodic effect on blood vessels, reduces their response to biogenic vasoconstrictors (adrenaline, norepinephrine), and potentiates the effect of CO2 on brain vessels. Cinnarizine does not significantly affect systemic blood pressure, heart rate, contractility and cardiac conductivity.

Cinnarizine has moderate antihistamine activity, reduces the excitability of the vestibular apparatus (suppresses nystagmus).

The pharmacological properties of cinnarizine are largely due to its ability to block membrane calcium channels. It inhibits the entry of calcium ions into cells and reduces their content in the plasma membrane depot.

Cinnarizine is well absorbed. When taken orally, peak plasma concentrations are observed after 1-3 hours; half-life is about 4 hours. It is actively metabolized. A third of the metabolites are excreted in the urine, and 2/3 in the feces.

Cinnarizine is used for disorders of cerebral and peripheral circulation, vestibular disorders. Despite the presence of antihistamine activity, it is not used specifically as an antihistamine due to the availability of more effective drugs.

As a cerebrovascular agent, it is prescribed for cerebral circulatory disorders associated with vasospasm, atherosclerosis, traumatic brain injury, and stroke. The drug reduces cerebroasthenic phenomena, headaches, tinnitus, and improves general condition.

Cinnarizine is prescribed for migraines and Meniere's disease.

Cinnarizine also reduces spasms of peripheral vessels and improves blood circulation in obliterating endarteritis, thromboangiitis, Raynaud's disease, intermittent claudication, acrocyanosis and other disorders of peripheral circulation.

When piracetam and cinnarizine are combined, both components mutually potentiate each other's action without increasing toxicity, since the toxicity of the combination does not exceed the toxicity of the individual components.

With regard to the effect of the drug on the central nervous system, the sedative effect of cinnarizine predominates. The therapeutic effect of the drug appears after 1-6 hours.

CEREBRAL CIRCULATION INSUFFICIENCY OF VASCULAR GENESIS

Preferanskaya Nina Germanovna Associate Professor, Department of Pharmacology, Educational Department, Institute of Pharmacy and Translational Medicine, Multidisciplinary Center for Clinical and Medical Research, International School “Medicine of the Future”, First Moscow State Medical University. THEM. Sechenov (Sechenov University), Ph.D.

Divaza (tablet for resorption No. 100) is an innovative combination drug containing affinity-purified antibodies to the brain-specific protein S-100 and affinity-purified antibodies to endothelial NO synthase. Antibodies to the brain-specific protein S-100 have antioxidant, antihypoxic, neuroprotective, and anxiolytic effects. The combined use of the components of the drug is accompanied by an increase in the neuroprotective activity of antibodies to the S-100 protein, an increase in the vegetative-stabilizing effect, normalization of the vegetative status, a synergistic effect of both components on neuronal plasticity and, as a result, an increase in the brain’s resistance to toxic influences.

The use of the drug improves integrative activity and restores interhemispheric connections of the brain, helps eliminate cognitive impairment, stimulates reparative processes and accelerates the restoration of central nervous system functions, increases mental performance, restores learning and memory processes, normalizes somatovegetative manifestations, and increases cerebral blood flow. The drug does not have a sedative or muscle relaxant effect, and does not cause addiction or addiction.

Divaza is used to restore integrative brain activity in a wide range of organic disorders of the central nervous system caused by neurodegenerative, cerebrovascular diseases, neuroinfections, and traumatic brain injury. Used as part of complex therapy. Individual hypersensitivity reactions to the components of the drug are possible.

1 tablet of the drug contains affinity-purified antibodies to the brain-specific protein S-100 - 0.006 g and affinity-purified antibodies to endothelial NO synthase - 0.006 g.

Instenon is a combination drug containing etamivan, hexobendine and etophylline . The neuroprotective effect of the drug is based on mutual potentiation of effects. The drug selectively stimulates brain metabolism, stabilizes cerebral and systemic circulation, slows down the death of brain neuron cells, moderately dilates coronary and cerebral vessels, increases the utilization of glucose and oxygen by brain cells. When using the drug, performance increases, fatigue, headaches decrease, mood and general tone improve.

The drug is prescribed to patients with acute and chronic forms of vascular pathology of the brain, consequences of a stroke, 2 ml IM or IV, after dissolving it in 200 ml of 5% glucose, 1-2 times a day.

Use 1-2 tablets orally. 3 times a day, without chewing, if necessary, increase the dose to 5 tablets.

Available: table, cover. obol. (50 mg etamivan + 20 mg hexobendine dihydrochloride + 60 mg etophylline); table forte (100 mg etamivan + 60 mg hexobendine + 60 mg etophylline); solution for injection, amp. 2 ml (50, 10 and 100 mg respectively).

Important! The most common side effects are decreased blood pressure, headache, and short-term tachycardia.

Piracetam + Cinnarizine (“ Omaron ”, tab., “ Combitropil ”, caps., “ Pyracesin ”, caps.) is a combination drug ( piracetam 400 mg + cinnarizine 25 mg ). Both components mutually potentiate their actions: antihypoxic, reduce cerebral vascular resistance and improve cerebral metabolism, and contribute to a significant increase in cerebral blood flow. The combined drug is quickly and completely absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract. The therapeutic effect appears after 1–6 hours.

Indications for use are various cerebrovascular accidents; for the prevention of migraines, to improve learning and memory of children with intellectual retardation. The usual dose for adults is 1-2 caps. 3 times a day for 1–3 months, depending on the severity of the disease. Repeat the course 2-3 times a year. Children from 5 years of age are prescribed 1-2 capsules 1-2 times a day.

Vinpocetine + Nootropil ( Vinpotropil , capsule, tablet, coating, concentrate d/injection solution) is a combination drug ( vinpocetine 5 mg + piracetam 400 mg ). The action is due to the components included in the composition, the effect develops gradually. Vinpocetine is a vasodilator that improves cerebral circulation; as a cerebrovasodilator, it improves cerebral circulation, causes a slight decrease in systemic blood pressure, dilation of cerebral vessels, increased blood flow and improved supply of oxygen and glucose to the brain; increases the resistance of brain cells to hypoxia, facilitating oxygen transport.

Piracetam as a nootropic agent has a positive effect on the metabolic processes of the brain, increases the concentration of ACE in brain tissue, enhances the synthesis of RNA and phospholipids, stimulates glycolytic processes, enhances glucose utilization; improves the integrative function of the brain.

Adults and adolescents over 14 years of age are prescribed orally, before meals, 1-2 caps. 3 times a day. Maintenance dose - 1 capsule 3 times a day. The course of treatment is from 2–3 weeks to 2–6 months. Before discontinuing the drug, the dose is reduced gradually.

PREPARATIONS OF ANIMAL ORIGIN

Cerebrolysin (injection solution, 1, 5 and 10 ml, amp.) is a product of hydrolysis of pig brain substance (1 ml of aqueous solution of the drug contains 0.2152 g of Cerebrolysin ). It is a clear, amber-colored liquid that contains low molecular weight neuropeptides (15%) and about 18 biologically active amino acids (85%). Active amino acids and peptides easily penetrate from the blood into neurons, exerting an organ-specific complex effect on the brain. The drug provides neuroprotection, functional neuromodulation, as well as regulation of metabolism, increases the efficiency of aerobic energy metabolism in brain tissue, improves oxygen utilization, protein synthesis in brain neurons, reduces the harmful effects of lactic acidosis, and stimulates transsynaptic transmission. The neuroprotective effect of Cerebrolysin is to increase the resistance of brain tissue to hypoglycemia, intoxication, hypoxia and other damaging influences.

It has been established that the drug has an antioxidant effect, inhibits the process of free radical oxidation, and has a positive effect on the homeostasis of antioxidant microelements (selenium, magnesium, potassium, manganese).

The drug is prescribed for ischemic stroke, cerebral atherosclerosis, complications after neurosurgical operations and traumatic brain injuries - from 10 to 50 ml is administered daily through very slow intravenous infusions with preliminary dilution with special solutions for infusions (Ringer's solution, dextrose solution). The duration of infusions is from 15 minutes. up to an hour. Duration of therapy is 10–20 days. If necessary, the course of treatment should be repeated, reducing the frequency of injections to 2-3 times a week. Contraindication is hypersensitivity to any component of the drug.

Actovegin (4% solution for injection, amp. 2, 5, 10 ml; solution for infusion, vial 250 ml; dragee forte 200 mg; tablet, coating volume, 200 mg) - a drug containing deproteinized homoderivative from calf blood serum with low molecular weight peptides, amino acids, nucleosides and intermediate products of carbohydrate and lipid metabolism. Actovegin activates metabolism in brain tissue, improves trophism and stimulates regeneration processes.

The drug is used for metabolic and circulatory disorders in the central nervous system, cerebrovascular accidents, encephalopathies, traumatic brain injuries and strokes. When using Actovegin, the pharmacological effect begins to appear no later than after 30 minutes. after parenteral administration or oral administration and reaches a maximum after an average of 3 hours. Parenteral administration of Actovegin should be carried out with caution due to the possible development of anaphylactic reactions.

Important! Side effects are mainly allergic reactions.

Cortexin (porous lyophilized 10 mg dosage solution for injection) is a complex of polypeptide fractions isolated from the cerebral cortex of cattle and pigs. The drug has a cerebroprotective and nootropic effect, restores bioelectrical activity and improves brain metabolism, regulates the ratio of inhibitory and excitatory amino acids, has a GABAergic effect, and has antioxidant activity. Cortexin is administered intramuscularly at a dose of 10 mg daily for 10 days. No side effects were identified during use.

PHYTOMEDICATIONS

Ginkgo biloba leaf extract is a herbal remedy. Produced under the trade names Bilobil forte, Ginkgo biloba, Ginos, Tanakan, etc.

The leaves contain biologically active substances - a sum of flavonoids ( quercetin, luteolin, kaempferol), terpene trilactones, gincolide, alkaloids, etc. The drug has antioxidant activity, prevents the formation of free radicals and lipid peroxidation of cell membranes, improves cerebral and peripheral circulation, strengthens the walls blood vessels, improves immunity, has an anti-inflammatory effect. Normalizes metabolic processes, has an antihypoxic effect on tissues. It has a pronounced anti-edematous effect both at the level of the brain and at the periphery. Affects the release, reuptake and catabolism of neurotransmitters (norepinephrine, dopamine, acetylcholine) and their ability to bind to membrane receptors. Ginkgo preparations have a wide range of applications, including encephalopathies of various origins (consequences of stroke, traumatic brain injury), and pathological processes that develop in old age, decreased intellectual abilities, sleep disturbances, and many others. etc. (see instructions).

Important! When used, allergic reactions (redness, swelling of the skin, itching), gastrointestinal disorders, headache, decreased blood clotting, hearing impairment, and dizziness are possible. There are reports of internal bleeding observed after long-term use of preparations based on Ginkgo biloba.

Tanakan is a preparation that contains 40 mg of dry standardized extract of Ginkgo biloba leaves, standardized, titrated in a quantitative volume: 24% Ginkgo heterosides and 6% Ginkgolides-Bilobalides. The effect of the drug is due to its influence on metabolic processes in cells, rheological properties of blood and microcirculation, as well as vasomotor reactions of blood vessels. The drug improves cerebral circulation and the supply of oxygen and glucose to the brain. It has a vasoregulatory effect on the entire vascular system: arteries, veins, capillaries. Helps improve blood flow, prevents red blood cell aggregation, and has an inhibitory effect on platelet activation factor.

Tanakan is prescribed 1 tablet. or 1 ml of solution for oral administration 3 times a day with meals (120 mg/day). When treating asthenic disorders, the optimal daily dose of the drug is 240 mg - 2 tablets each. or 2 ml oral solution 3 times a day. The duration of treatment is from 1 to 3 months.

Important! When using the drug, digestive disorders, allergic skin reactions, and headaches may occur.

Memoplant is a preparation containing 40 mg of dry standardized extract of Ginkgo biloba leaves, 9.6 mg of ginkgoflavone glycosides , 2.4 mg of terpene lactones and 0.2 μg of ginkgolic acid . The drug increases the body's resistance to hypoxia, especially brain tissue, inhibits the development of traumatic or toxic cerebral edema, improves cerebral and peripheral circulation, and has an inhibitory effect on platelet aggregation factor. Organic (arising as a result of age-related circulatory disorders) and functional disorders of the brain with such manifestations as memory impairment, decreased ability to concentrate and intellectual capabilities, dizziness, tinnitus, headache. Disorders of the inner ear, manifested by dizziness, unsteady gait and tinnitus.

Use the drug 1-2 tablets. 3 times a day. The duration of treatment is at least 8 weeks.

HOMEOPATHIC MEDICINES

Memoria (20, 50, 100 ml, bottle with drip dispenser) - 100 ml of the drug contains Hypericum D1 15 ml, Arnica D12 10 ml, Conium D6 10 ml, Ginkgo D6 10 ml, Panax D6 10 ml, ethyl alcohol 43% by weight. For the treatment of memory and concentration disorders, in the complex treatment of cerebral atherosclerosis, accompanied by headaches and dizziness. To ensure the greatest effectiveness, Memoria should be taken 30 minutes before. before or 1 hour after meals. At the onset of the disease, as well as in cases requiring rapid relief of symptoms, adults and adolescents can take 10 drops every half hour to hour, hold a little in the mouth before swallowing, take until the condition improves, but no more than 8 times, after which take 3 times a day. Since Memoria contains natural plant components, during storage there may be slight turbidity and a weakening of smell and taste, which does not lead to a decrease in the effectiveness of the drug.

Nookam (Piracetam+Cinnarizine) (caps. 400mg+25mg No. 60)

A country

Russia
The country of production may vary depending on the batch of goods. Please check with the operator for detailed information when confirming your order.

Compound

1 capsule contains: piracetam 400 mg, cinnarizine 25 mg

pharmachologic effect

A combined drug with a pronounced antihypoxic, nootropic and vasodilating effect. Piracetam activates metabolic processes in the brain by enhancing energy and protein metabolism, accelerating the utilization of glucose by cells and increasing their resistance to hypoxia; improves interneuronal transmission in the central nervous system, improves regional blood flow in the ischemic area. Cinnarizine is a selective blocker of slow calcium channels, reduces the entry of Ca2+ into cells and reduces its content in the plasma membrane depot, reduces the tone of the smooth muscles of arterioles, reduces their response to biogenic vasoconstrictors (epinephrine, norepinephrine, dopamine, angiotensin, vasopressin, serotonin). It has a vasodilating effect (especially in relation to cerebral vessels, enhancing the antihypoxic effect of piracetam), without having a significant effect on blood pressure. It exhibits moderate antihistamine activity, reduces the excitability of the vestibular apparatus, and lowers the tone of the sympathetic nervous system. Increases the elasticity of red blood cell membranes, their ability to deform, and reduces blood viscosity.

Indications for use

Cerebrovascular accident (ischemic stroke, recovery period after hemorrhagic stroke); encephalopathy with portal hypertension; comatose and subcomatose states after intoxication and brain injuries; diseases of the central nervous system, accompanied by a decrease in intellectual and mental functions; depression; psychoorganic syndrome with a predominance of signs of asthenia and adynamia; asthenia of psychogenic origin; labyrinthopathy; Meniere's syndrome; delayed intellectual development in children; prevention of migraine and kinetosis.

Side effects

From the nervous system: - hyperkinesia, nervousness, drowsiness, depression; - in isolated cases - dizziness, headaches, ataxia, imbalance, insomnia, confusion, agitation, anxiety, hallucinations. Allergic reactions: very rarely - skin rash, dermatitis, itching, swelling, photosensitivity. From the digestive system: in some cases - increased salivation, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal pain. Other: increased sexual activity.

Contraindications

Hypersensitivity;
severe liver and/or kidney failure; parkinsonism; pregnancy; lactation period; children's age (up to 5 years). Carefully

For Parkinson's disease, impaired liver and/or kidney function, impaired hemostasis, severe bleeding.

Use during pregnancy and breastfeeding Contraindicated during pregnancy and lactation (breastfeeding).

Use in children Contraindication: children (up to 5 years).

Mode of application

The method of administration and dosage regimen of a particular drug depend on its release form and other factors. The optimal dosage regimen is determined by the doctor. The compliance of the dosage form of a particular drug with the indications for use and dosage regimen should be strictly observed. Orally, adults - 1-2 single doses 3 times a day; children - 1-2 single doses 1-2 times/day.

special instructions

Use with caution in patients with liver and/or kidney disease. In case of mild to moderate renal failure (creatinine clearance less than 60 ml/min), the therapeutic dose should be reduced or the interval between doses of the drug should be increased. In patients with impaired liver function, it is necessary to monitor the level of liver enzymes. Patients should avoid drinking alcohol while taking Phezam. The drug increases the activity of thyroid hormones and may cause tremors and anxiety. Impact on the ability to drive vehicles and machinery. During treatment, patients should be careful when driving and operating machinery and equipment as cinnarizine may cause drowsiness at the beginning of treatment.

Interaction with other drugs

Enhances the effects of nootropic, antihypertensive drugs, central nervous system depressants (including ethanol). Improves tolerability of antipsychotic drugs (neuroleptics) and tricyclic antidepressants. Vasodilating drugs enhance the effect.

Dispensing conditions in pharmacies

On prescription