Dry skin, scratches and abrasions, redness and irritation - these symptoms appear to each of us from time to time. When choosing drugs for their treatment, you can encounter problems: some drugs dry out even more, others fight inflammation, but are not suitable for long-term use.
Bepanten guarantees quick and safe elimination of all unpleasant manifestations. The drug is available in several dosage forms, and everyone can choose the ideal one for themselves.
Pharmacological properties
Pharmacodynamics.
Chlorhexidine is an antiseptic that is well tolerated and has a bactericidal effect against gram-positive bacteria, especially sensitive strains of staphylococcus aureus, the microorganisms most often associated with skin infections. To a lesser extent, chlorhexidine dihydrochloride is active against gram-negative pathogenic microorganisms. Some Pseudomonas and Proteus species are resistant to chlorhexidine. It has weak activity against fungi and is inactive against viruses.
Dexpanthenol, the active ingredient of Bepanten® Plus, is quickly converted into pantothenic acid in skin cells and acts as a vitamin. But dexpanthenol has the advantage of being absorbed faster than pantothenic acid when applied topically.
Pantothenic acid is a component of the essential coenzyme A (CoA). In this form, acetyl coenzyme A (CoA) plays a leading role in the metabolism of every cell. Thus, pantothenic acid is necessary for the formation of epithelium and healing of damage to the skin and mucous membranes.
Pharmacokinetics. Absorption of chlorhexidine through intact skin has not been detected. Infants bathed in 4% chlorhexidine gluconate detergent solution had low plasma chlorhexidine concentrations (1 μg/ml).
Little is known about the distribution of chlorhexidine in organs and tissues, since absorption through the skin is minimal. When administered orally 300 mg in healthy adults, a plasma Cmax of 0.2 mcg/ml can be determined after 30 minutes.
Chlorhexidine is virtually not absorbed after topical cutaneous application. After oral administration, chlorhexidine is almost completely excreted in the feces.
Dexpanthenol is quickly absorbed by the skin. In skin cells it quickly turns into pantothenic acid and replenishes the endogenous reserves of this vitamin.
In the blood, pantothenic acid binds to blood plasma proteins (mainly β-globulin and albumin). In healthy adults, the concentration is about 500–1000 μg/L and 100 μg/L in blood and serum, respectively.
Pantothenic acid is not broken down in the body and is excreted unchanged. 60–70% of the oral dose is excreted in urine, the rest in feces. In adults, 2-7 mg is excreted in the urine, in children - 2-3 mg/day.
How does Bepanten work?
Dexpanthenol, on the basis of which the drug works, is provitamin B5. This substance easily enters the skin, where it is transformed into pantothenic acid.
In turn, thanks to pantothenic acid, skin healing processes occur, cellular metabolism is normalized, and collagen fibers are strengthened. Due to these effects, the cream and other forms of the drug promote active hydration and regeneration of the skin.
Dexpanthenol is a substance related to skin cells, so Bepanten can be used on any area of the skin. In addition, the product can be used by children from birth.
Application
For adults and children over 1 year of age, apply the drug once or several times a day, depending on need, to previously cleansed affected areas of the skin. the daily dose for repeated use should not exceed 5 g.
If necessary, bandages can be applied.
The frequency of application of the drug and the duration of treatment are determined on the recommendation of a doctor individually, depending on the clinical signs of skin damage. Avoid use on large areas of skin.
Side effects
Disorders of the immune system, skin and subcutaneous tissue. allergic reactions, including allergic skin reactions such as contact dermatitis, allergic dermatitis, itching, erythema, burning, eczema, rash, urticaria, swelling, skin irritation, blisters. hypersensitivity, anaphylactic reactions and anaphylactic shock (potentially life-threatening) with associated laboratory and clinical manifestations including asthma syndrome, mild to moderate reactions that potentially affect the skin, respiratory system, gastrointestinal tract, cardiovascular system, including cardiorespiratory failure.
special instructions
Contact with eyes, ears and mucous membranes should be avoided. If the drug gets into your eyes, rinse them thoroughly with water.
Bepanten® Plus is not recommended for use on skin irritations where the likelihood of infection is low (for example, sunburn). In such cases, it is recommended to use Bepanten® cream. Do not use for allergic skin diseases without infectious complications.
Large, heavily contaminated deep wounds, as well as wounds caused by bites and punctures, require medical intervention (there is a risk of developing tetanus). If the size of the wound remains large within 10–14 days or the wound does not heal, the advisability of prescribing the drug should be reconsidered. This is also necessary if there is severe perifocal hyperemia, the wound swells, severe pain appears, purulent exudation increases, or the injury is accompanied by fever (risk of developing sepsis). The drug should not be used to treat infected wounds with abundant purulent exudation.
If symptoms persist or the condition worsens, you should consult a doctor.
Use during pregnancy and lactation. A study of reproductive function in animals did not reveal any risk to the fetus. However, during pregnancy, Bepanten® Plus should not be used on large surfaces of the skin, since there are no data on controlled studies in pregnant women.
The drug can be used by women during breastfeeding, but you should refrain from using it on large surfaces of the skin. If the drug is used to treat cracked nipples, it should be washed off before breastfeeding.
Children. The drug should be used in children from 1 year of age.
The ability to influence reaction speed when driving vehicles or working with other mechanisms. Does not affect.
The use of Bepanten for the prevention and treatment of skin diseases in newborns and infants
About the article
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Regular issues of "RMZh" No. 10 dated May 27, 2005 p. 664
Category: General articles
Author: Rozanov A.V. 1 1 Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Russian National Research Medical University named after. N.I. Pirogov Ministry of Health of Russia, Moscow
For quotation:
Rozanov A.V. The use of Bepanten for the prevention and treatment of skin diseases in newborns and infants. RMJ. 2005;10:664.
Bepanthen (a drug from F. Hoffmann-La Roche, Basel, Switzerland) contains dexpanthenol (provitamin pantothenic acid - B5) as an active substance. Unlike ointments from other manufacturers, Bepanten contains lanolin, protegin X, cetyl alcohol, almond oil and liquid paraffin, which in this combination expands the therapeutic possibilities of using this drug. It is available in the form of ointment, cream and lotion, as well as a cream containing chlorhexidine. The properties of this drug are widely discussed by experts and the reviews are positive. What effects are caused by the use of this drug, what studies have been conducted to test the effectiveness of this drug, and in what areas of pediatric practice can it be most optimally used? In the domestic and foreign literature available to us on this issue, we were able to find the following opinions.
First of all, it should be noted that the skin of newborns and infants is different from the skin of adults. It is known that the skin protects against the adverse effects of the environment. The protective mechanisms of the skin include: the skin barrier (the stratum corneum and skin fibers), secretions of the sebaceous glands (lipid layer), the acidic membrane (the slightly acidic pH value on the surface of the skin prevents the growth of microbes). In adults, all protective mechanisms function normally: the structural elements of the skin barrier have formed; sex hormones ensure optimal secretion of the sebaceous glands; The slightly acidic pH on the skin surface prevents microbial infection. In a newborn, the protective mechanisms of the skin are not yet mature enough: collagen fibers are smaller, elastin fibers are immature [23]; secretion of the sebaceous glands begins after reaching puberty, after stimulation by sex hormones [18]; the pH value on the surface of the skin of an adult is 5.3 [19], and in a full-term newborn it is from 6.5 to 7.0 and decreases to a value close to that of an adult only after a few weeks [11]. For normal exchange of extracellular lipids, which are included in the skin, the acidic environment of the stratum corneum is also required [10]. The use of diapers and diapers significantly worsens the protective properties of the skin, because... friction causes irritation and mechanical damage; the baby’s skin is not prepared for the artificial wet environment formed under the diaper. Before birth, the fetal skin is protected from the amniotic fluid by a membrane containing the secretions of the sebaceous glands, which are produced under the influence of the mother’s sex hormones. This shell remains for approximately 3 weeks after birth and makes it possible to adapt to new environmental conditions. Then it is washed off, and the skin begins to be exposed to the aquatic environment under the diaper; Urine, feces and other irritants are particularly harmful to a child's skin. Urine increases the pH and enhances the aggressive action of fecal enzymes: fecal bacteria produce urease, which interacts with urine urea, resulting in the formation of ammonia, which increases the pH of the environment, while fecal enzymes are activated and skin permeability increases. Thus, the main reasons for the development of diaper dermatitis are the immaturity of the protective mechanisms of the child’s skin, mechanical damage to the skin (irritation from a diaper or diaper) and chemical damage (irritation from urine and feces). Diaper dermatitis is a periodically occurring pathological condition that is provoked by exposure of the skin to physical, chemical, enzymatic and microbial factors inside the diaper or diaper [7]. During the first year of life, mild diaper dermatitis may develop in approximately 50% of newborns and infants [16]. With prevention, diaper dermatitis can be prevented. In recent years, studies have been conducted that compared the incidence of diaper dermatitis in newborns and infants receiving standard care and children who received Bepanthen ointment at each diaper change in addition to usual care [6,21]. In these cases, there was a significant reduction in the incidence of diaper dermatitis and skin infections. Such protection is very important in premature newborns, in whom the immaturity of the skin barrier facilitates the penetration of microorganisms that cause severe general infections. What are the requirements for a drug used for the prevention and treatment of uncomplicated forms of diaper dermatitis? Firstly, it is necessary to be careful in the choice of active and inactive substances that are included in locally active drugs intended for newborns [22]. The fact is that certain aspects increase the likelihood of absorption of various components of such drugs and increase their toxic effect. For example, a higher body surface area to mass ratio in children compared to that in adults. That is, in newborns, the same amount of the drug applied to the skin is diluted in a much smaller volume of fluid in the body, which increases the risk of toxicity. Further, suction is enhanced by the fact that the baby is covered in diapers, creating an occlusion effect. In addition, absorption in the scrotum and buttocks, where the skin is thinnest, is increased. It is also believed that ointments have an advantage over lotions and creams and provide optimal protection of the skin from various irritants [22,15]. Because the composition of a cream or lotion (as opposed to an ointment) must include some substances that themselves can have an irritating, sensitizing or toxic effect [22]. For example, only ointment can be stored without a preservative. In addition, for topical use, preparations that are easy to apply and remove are recommended, since friction (necessary for removing many pastes) can itself cause damage to the skin. Thus, the main requirements for a drug for the prevention of diaper dermatitis are: safety; absence of components that do not serve to create a protective barrier; absence of preservatives and flavors; ease of application and removal. When used for treatment, the drug should also not cause additional skin irritation. Bepanten ointment fully meets this requirement. This is achieved through a combination of: the composition of the ointment, the presence of lanolin and the presence of dexpanthenol. The ointment contains lipids that effectively protect the skin from irritants [15]. Bepanten ointment does not contain preservatives, flavors, or dyes that are not recommended to be included in preparations for application to the skin of newborns [8]. Bepanten ointment contains a limited number of safe components. The main inactive substance of the ointment is lanolin, a substance that is produced by the sebaceous glands of sheep and is very close in lipid composition to the secretions of the human sebaceous glands [20]. Lanolin is a semi-permeable substance that provides a pronounced protective effect, but does not interfere with gas exchange. Lanolin penetrates the stratum corneum of the skin and provides its hydration. It also reduces friction, which is one of the causes of diaper dermatitis [14]. Lanolin is safe. It is the only substance approved by the US Food and Drug Administration for use in breast care during breastfeeding. Finally, dexpanthenol, the active substance of Bepanten ointment, is a provitamin of pantothenic acid. It has a stimulating effect on skin cells. Clinical trials have proven its effect on the condition of the skin barrier. Dexpanthenol is also a safe drug (it is allowed to be included in food products). These two components provide a unique double protective effect of Bepanten ointment: lanolin protects the upper part of the epidermis, since it is similar in structure to the secretions of the sebaceous glands and penetrates the upper layers of the cornea of the skin, and dexpanthenol enhances the protective properties of the inner layers of the skin, stimulating the cells that form stratum corneum during the process of keratization. Thus, the protective effect of Bepanten ointment is determined by strengthening the natural skin barrier (from the inside due to dexpanthenol and from the outside due to lanolin) and due to the formation of a barrier by the ointment that protects against environmental irritants. Treatment of mild, uncomplicated forms is possible. Drugs intended to treat diaper dermatitis should not cause additional damage to the skin. Due to topical preparations used, there should be no occlusion of the skin due to the formation of a film impermeable to water, irritation due to mechanical friction (when using a paste), irritation caused by components of the preparation itself, for example, allergens, substances of plant origin, dyes. Dehydration should not occur. Bepanten ointment contains fats and protects the skin from irritants, ensuring a normal healing process, promotes moisture retention, which is also important for skin healing [22]. Because moisture is important for the normal functioning of all enzymes that ensure the restoration of the upper layers of the stratum corneum of the skin [9]. As already indicated, lanolin provides effective protection to the skin, causing partial occlusion, but without interfering with gas exchange. As a result, the level of hydration necessary for its healing is created [22,17]. The absence of complete occlusion is important as it may interfere with skin repair [12]. Lanolin is also effective in blocking water loss through the skin [14]. It has a healing effect on the skin and accelerates the restoration of its integrity. Lanolin softens the skin and reduces friction, which is one of the causes of dermatitis. Finally, dexpanthenol promotes wound healing and restoration of skin integrity due to its stimulating effect on skin cells [13]. Penetrating into the skin, dexpanthenol is converted into pantothenic acid, which is part of coenzyme A. The latter is a key element of the Krebs cycle, which produces energy necessary for wound healing. Potentially, Bepanten ointment fully meets the requirements for the prevention and treatment of mild forms of diaper dermatitis: it effectively protects the baby’s skin from irritants; promotes healing and restoration of the integrity of the skin, does not contain preservatives, flavors, or dyes; contains only safe components; effectiveness has been confirmed by clinical studies. Putet G. et al. [21] conducted an open, comparative pilot randomized, parallel study of the effectiveness of Bepanten ointment in the prevention of diaper dermatitis in premature and full-term infants. After completion of the study, skin photographs were assessed in a double-blind manner. The results obtained in 54 newborns showed the preventive effect of Bepanten ointment (diaper dermatitis developed in 57% of untreated children and 31% of children who received treatment). In addition, the effectiveness of Bepanten ointment was assessed in this study by analyzing the results of treatment of 12 pairs of twins (diaper dermatitis developed in 58% in the control group, 17% in the main group). The effectiveness of ointments containing d-panthenol for diaper dermatitis was also assessed by domestic researchers [2]. A study of the effectiveness of Bepanten ointment in the prevention of diaper dermatitis in newborns was carried out at the 2nd stage of nursing newborns [6]. Of the 63 newborns (gestational age 32 to 40 weeks), 32.3% were preterm. All children had CNS lesions of varying severity. Bepanten ointment was used in 40 (64, 65) children. 22 (34.5%) used a standard, previously used ointment. It was found that all children who used Bepanten ointment did not develop diaper dermatitis during their hospital stay. In the comparison group, where standard ointment was used to prevent diaper dermatitis, diaper dermatitis developed in 10 children (45.5%). Thus, we can note the higher effectiveness for the prevention of diaper dermatitis and the safety of Bepanten ointment compared to other ointments. However, for mild forms of film dermatitis, treatment with Bepanten ointment was also effective. In newborns with moderate manifestations of diaper dermatitis (moderate), after 2 days of using Bepanten ointment, the symptoms of dermatitis decreased, which was manifested in a decrease in the area of the lesion, a decrease in papules and the severity of erythema. The use of the drug Bepanten is also included in the modern rules of skin care for children with atopic dermatitis, which is noted by leading domestic experts in the field of treatment of allergic diseases [4]. Routine skin care for children with atopic dermatitis is very important because... conventional means of external therapy are aimed mainly at relieving acute manifestations of the disease. However, during the period between exacerbations, severe dry skin, peeling, and a feeling of tightness and cracking of the skin persist. Elimination of these manifestations is an important component in the treatment of atopic dermatitis in children [1]. Skin care activities should be carried out continuously for many years. If external anti-inflammatory therapy is carried out correctly, it is possible to significantly reduce the frequency of exacerbations of the disease, avoid chronicity of the process and the development of skin trophic disorders. Cleansing and moisturizing the skin can also protect it from harmful external factors, improve water-lipid balance, increase the duration of remission and thus improve the quality of life of patients. Currently, a program for caring for the skin of a child with atopic dermatitis continues to be implemented (use of thermal waters, specialized varieties of soap, mousses, milk). Of particular relevance are drugs that eliminate itching of the skin, soften and moisturize the skin, improve blood flow in affected areas, and skin barrier functions. One of the emollients used in external therapy for children with dry, damaged and irritated skin is dexpanthenol, the active substance of which, as mentioned above, is provitamin pantothenic acid (B5). The drug enhances the metabolic activity of skin cells involved in regeneration, stimulates skin epithelization, is a donor of neutral fats, improves the barrier function of the epithelium, and has an anti-inflammatory effect. Pantothenic acid is also involved in the formation of antibodies and protects the skin from harmful external factors. The administration of dexapanthenol in children with atopic dermatitis, according to a number of authors [3], contributed to the normalization of disturbances in the structure of the lipid component of the epidermis in most patients, prevented the processes of epidermal hyperplasia and promoted repair. In order to study the effectiveness and tolerability of the drug Bepanten for external therapy in children, a study was conducted in 25 children aged 6 months to 3 years [4]. The drug was used in the subacute period during remission of the disease. The cream was applied 2 times a day to cleansed skin areas for a course of 3 to 6 weeks. Efficiency was assessed on a conditional scale from 0 to 3 points, which took into account hyperemia, dryness, and lichenification. The effectiveness of Bepanten cream averaged 87.5%. At the same time, excellent results were obtained in 36.0%, good – in 48%, satisfactory – in 12%, no effect – in 4.0% of cases. The duration of remission of atopic dermatitis increased by 1.8 times. No adverse reactions were observed during treatment. Thus, the use of Bepanten cream in the external treatment of children with atopic dermatitis provides a significant effect in the form of reducing hyperemia, dry skin, lichenification and itching of the skin, provides stable remission of the disease, prevents relapses and improves the psychosomatic state of the child. Bepanten was recommended by the authors for daily skin care, especially for severe dry skin in children with atopic dermatitis. Bepanten ointment can also be used by breastfeeding women, because quickly and effectively treats and prevents the appearance of cracks and inflammation of the nipples of the mammary glands during breastfeeding; reduces redness of the areola and pain during feeding; safe, as it contains only natural ingredients, which does not require rinsing with water immediately before feeding; does not cause allergic reactions (because it does not contain aromatic substances, dyes or preservatives). Positive reviews of the drug Bepanten for the prevention of diaper dermatitis in newborns and infants, for the prevention of exacerbations of infant forms of childhood atopic dermatitis, the prevention and treatment of cracked nipples in women who are breastfeeding [5] make this drug one of the most popular among modern drugs of this class in field of maternal and child health. Literature 1. Atopic dermatitis and skin infections in children, diagnosis, treatment and prevention. Scientific and practical program. – M., 2003. 2. Belousov N.A., Gorelov A.V. – The use of d-panthenol ointment in the treatment of diaper dermatitis in newborns // Issues of modern pediatrics, 2002. – T.1. – No. 4. – p.96. 3. Ogorodova L.M., Nagaeva A., Khodkevich L.V., The effectiveness of dexpanthenol in the complex treatment of atopic dermatitis in children // Pediatric pharmacology, 2003, – T.1– No. 3 – p. 54–56 4. Revyakina V.A. – Modern technologies for skin care in children with atopic dermatitis, Attending Physician, No. 3, 2004, pp. 6–7. 5. V.L. Tyutyunnik, Cracked nipples in nursing mothers, methods of their treatment and prevention. – Russian Medical Journal, 2004, No. 5, pp. 321–324. 6. Yatsyk G.V., Akoev Yu.S. Clinical effectiveness of various skin care products for newborns based on D-panthenol. Pediatrics, Consilium medicum, 2, 2004, p. 7. Berg RW, Etiology and pathophysiology of nappy dermatitis. Adv. Dermatol., 1998: (3): 75–98. 8. Darmstadt G.L., Dinulos J.G., Neonatal Skin Care. Pediatric Dermatology, 47 (4), 757–8, 2000. 9. Elias PM, Holleran WM et al. Barrier Homeostasis: The Role of Lipid Processing. Dry Skin and Moisturizers, Chemistry and Function, 59–70, 2000. 10. Feingold Ka, Tlias Pm the Enviroments Interface: Regulation of Permeability Barrier Homeostasis.dry Skin And Moii Sturizers. Chemistry and Function, 45–58, 2000. 11. Fox C., Nelson D., Wareham J. The Timing of Skin Acdiffication in Very Low Birth Weight Infants. J. of perinatology, 18 (4), 272–75, 1998. 12. Ghadially r et al. Effects of Petrolatum on Stratum Corneum Structure and Function. J. of the am. Academy of Derm, 26, 387–96, 1992. 13. Girard P. Effet de Bepantune Onguent Sur le module de sicatrision de Prevelemebt de Greff: Etude biometrique, clinique et Etwalu Ation Par la Patient, En Double Aveugle Contre Vehicule. Les Nouvelles Derm., 17,559–70, 1988. Berg RW, Etiologie and Pathophysiology of Nappy Dermatitis. ADV. Dermatol., 1998: (3): 75–98. 14. Harris I., Hoppe U. Lanolins. Dry Skin and Noisturizers, Chemistry and Function, 259–67, 2000. 15. Kolbe L. non -invasive methods for testing the stratum corneum barrier. Dry Skin and Moisturizers. Chemistry and Function, 393–401, 2000. 16. Kraftchikb.r., Eczematousdisorder. Textbook of Neonatal Dermatology, 241–2001. 17. Lund C. Prevention and Management of Infant Skin Breakdown. Nursing Clinincs of North America., 34 (4), 907–20, 1999. 18. Maes DH Main Finined Products: Moisturizing and Cleansing Creams. Textbook of Neonatal Dermatology, 19–32, 2001. 19. Mancini A. Structure and Function of NewBorn Skin. Textbook of Neonatal Dermatology, 18–32, 2001. 20. Orr S. A Brief Guide to Lanolin Technology and Applications. PJ Bames & Associates, 10-14, January 1998. 21. Putet G, Guy B et al. Effect of Bepanten Ointment in the Prevrntement of Diaper Rash on Premature and Full - Term Babies. Realites Pediatriques, 63, 33–38. 2001. 22. Siegfried EC Neonatal Skin Care and Toxicology. Textbook of Neonatal Dermatology, 62–72, 2001. 23. Teillac - Hammel D. La Peau de L? Infant Est --elle Differente? Nouv. Dermatol., 13, 398–402, 1994.
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Overdose
When using the drug topically, cases of overdose are unknown.
Dexpanthenol, even in high doses, is well tolerated and is considered non-toxic. Hypervitaminosis is unknown.
An increase in aminotransferase levels has been described after self-poisoning with chlorhexidine.
Often, after repeated topical application on the same areas of the skin, irritation may occur. The drug is intended for the treatment of superficial skin lesions. Avoid use on large areas of skin.
Note!
The description of the drug Bepanten Plus cream tube 30g on this page is a simplified author’s version of the apteka911 website, created on the basis of the instructions for use.
Before purchasing or using the drug, you should consult your doctor and read the manufacturer's original instructions (attached to each package of the drug). Information about the drug is provided for informational purposes only and should not be used as a guide to self-medication. Only a doctor can decide to prescribe the drug, as well as determine the dose and methods of its use.
bepanthen nipple ointment
I needed:
— A bottle of water + did not throw away the empty bottle and periodically refilled it in the cooler
— Fest mesh panties — 2 packs (they will not be superfluous, since it is recommended to wear such panties until the end of postpartum bleeding)
— Urological pads — 1 large package or 2 medium ones (also recommended until the end of postpartum bleeding) In the case when the pads suddenly run out, you can use baby diapers for a short time
— Weleda intimate area oil — helped when the stitches were pulling
— Toothbrush and toothpaste
— Deodorant
— Wash product (can be for children) — it can also be used for washing hands
— A little shampoo and shower gel (at first it will be difficult to find time to wash. Everything will come in handy before discharge)
— Hairdryer (also mainly for styling before discharge)
— Cleanser (refreshes the face after sleepless nights)
- Liquid soap. Solid soap is not convenient to use, liquid soap is more convenient
— Bepanten ointment 100 ml — you don’t have to wash it off before feeding, it perfectly restored wounded nipples. Purelan didn't help. You can also smear your hands with Bepanthen
— Large terry towel (there were not enough hospital towels)
— The postpartum bandage was not useful - it was uncomfortable and, in general, there was absolutely no time for it
— Toilet paper (1-2 rolls)
— Paper napkins
- Comb
- Scrunchy
— Scissors or nail file (if necessary)
— Breast pump (take it and don’t doubt that when the milk comes in, you will need to pump it urgently)
— Top for feeding Fest — with a large margin in size
— Lovular lactation inserts — 10 pieces (milk will stain the shirt)
— Garbage bags—several for your own convenience
— Notepad and pen for writing
— Replaceable socks
- Cup
— Cutlery (spoons, forks)
— Tea bags
- Sugar
— Jubilee cakes and cookies (snack after feeding — a must!)
— Marshmallows or marshmallows (sweets are necessary to maintain blood glucose)
— Baked goods (stale)
You can then ask your relatives to bring fruit (bananas, green or yellow apples, pears)
List of things for the child:
— Goon diapers for newborns (at the rate of approximately 10-12 pieces per day)
— Wet wipes (4 packs) — meconium could only be wiped off with wipes. Washing didn't help. It is better to place napkins on the radiator before use (warm ones will not disturb the child)
— A gentle cleanser — it can be used as liquid soap and for intimate hygiene
— I didn’t use diaper cream in the maternity hospital, diaper rash didn’t have time to form. As a last resort, there was Bepanten ointment.
- Aquamaris for children - if the air in the room is dry. If necessary, you can apply it to yourself.
